國家衛(wèi)健委:復(fù)課后應(yīng)堅(jiān)持“戶外120分鐘”原則預(yù)防學(xué)生近視
中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2020-05-11 11:36
疫情逐漸進(jìn)入常態(tài)化防控階段,很多省份的學(xué)校已經(jīng)復(fù)課。對(duì)于學(xué)生如何預(yù)防近視,國家衛(wèi)健委疾控局監(jiān)察專員王斌在5月10日舉辦的國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制發(fā)布會(huì)上提出建議。
As schools nationwide have gradually reopened following the stabilization of the domestic novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, the National Health Commission has urged schools to ensure sufficient outdoor activities for students.
隨著國內(nèi)新冠肺炎疫情穩(wěn)定,全國各地的學(xué)校陸續(xù)復(fù)課,國家衛(wèi)健委敦促學(xué)校確保學(xué)生有充足的戶外活動(dòng)時(shí)間。
國家衛(wèi)健委疾控局監(jiān)察專員王斌指出,
Schools should guarantee at least two hours of outdoor activities a day for pupils. For students who have been diagnosed as nearsighted, the outdoor hours can be extended.
學(xué)校應(yīng)每天保證兩小時(shí)以上的孩子戶外活動(dòng)時(shí)間。對(duì)于已經(jīng)近視的孩子來說,應(yīng)該更長時(shí)間進(jìn)行戶外活動(dòng)。
It is important to urge children to go outside during recess while making sure that sports activities are rolled out at staggered hours.
學(xué)校應(yīng)確保學(xué)生在大課間能在戶外活動(dòng),同時(shí)也要確保錯(cuò)時(shí)、錯(cuò)峰開展體育活動(dòng)。
【單詞講解】
近視的醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)術(shù)語是myopia,讀作 [ma??o?pi?],但是日常生活中人們通常用nearsightedness / shortsightedness來表示,比如:Tom is nearsighted/shortsighted because he used to play games in darkness whole night long.(湯姆近視是因?yàn)樗^去經(jīng)常晚上在黑暗中玩一整晚游戲。)
其他相關(guān)的表達(dá)還有:遠(yuǎn)視(hyperopia ['ha?p?'r??p??] farsightedness/ longsightedness)、散光(astigmatism [??st?ɡm(xù)??t?z?m])、隱形眼鏡(contact lenses)、無框眼鏡(rimless glasses)、眼科醫(yī)生(eye doctor/ophthalmologist [?ɑfθ?l?mɑl?d??st] )等。
經(jīng)過這次漫長、特殊的假期,孩子們居家時(shí)間多,視力水平估計(jì)會(huì)受到一些影響。因此,王斌表示,復(fù)課后具備條件的學(xué)校,提倡對(duì)孩子的視力監(jiān)測(cè)和屈光篩查做一些工作。
When organizing mass eyesight screening programs on campus, Wang said outdoor spaces or spacious, well-ventilated facilities are preferred. It is also important to disinfect testing equipment regularly, wear face masks and maintain social distancing during checks.
如果學(xué)校要組織集體視力篩查,學(xué)校應(yīng)該盡可能選擇在露天場(chǎng)所或者相對(duì)比較空曠的體育館、通風(fēng)條件良好的場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行篩查。檢查設(shè)備要盡可能做到一個(gè)孩子一次消毒,學(xué)生在檢查過程中要戴好口罩,保持安全距離。
此外,對(duì)于防藍(lán)光設(shè)備可預(yù)防近視的社會(huì)關(guān)注,北京同仁醫(yī)院副院長、眼科主任魏文斌指出,藍(lán)光分為長波藍(lán)光和短波藍(lán)光,只有短波藍(lán)光(shortwave blue light)才會(huì)影響眼睛健康,但這需要長時(shí)間、高強(qiáng)度、不間斷照射(long-time, intensive and continuous exposure),質(zhì)檢合格的電子產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)過濾有害的短波藍(lán)光,所以在日常生活中,使用正規(guī)廠家生產(chǎn)的電子產(chǎn)品,沒有必要加裝防藍(lán)光設(shè)備。
【相關(guān)背景】
2018年8月底,教育部等八部委聯(lián)合發(fā)布《綜合防控兒童青少年近視實(shí)施方案》。其中國家新聞出版署提出要實(shí)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲總量調(diào)控(curb the number of new online games available to children),采取措施限制未成年人使用時(shí)間(take new measures to limit their time on games)。
方案提出:
The overall myopia rate among teenagers reduces by more than 0.5 percentage points per year from 2018 until 2023. Provinces with a high incidence of myopia are required to cut at least 1 percentage point per year.
到2023年,力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)全國兒童青少年總體近視率在2018年的基礎(chǔ)上每年降低0.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上;近視高發(fā)省份每年降低1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上。
By 2030, the myopia rate for 6-year-old children should be below 3 percent, for primary school students, below 38 percent, for middle school students, below 60 percent, and for high school students, below 70 percent.
到2030年,6歲兒童近視率控制在3%左右,小學(xué)生近視率下降到38%以下,初中生近視率下降到60%以下,高中階段學(xué)生近視率下降到70%以下。
【相關(guān)詞匯】
近視 nearsightedness/myopia
視力不良 poor vision
弱視 vision impairment
視力健康 visual health
眼保健操 eye exercises
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