五一假期 May Day holiday

文化和旅游部官網(wǎng)發(fā)布旅游提示，提醒廣大游客“五一”出游疫情防控不放松，安全文明記心中。

Tourists are asked to pay close attention to the situation of epidemic risks released by local authorities and the latest epidemic prevention and control measures of their destination, according to a statement on the official website of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
文旅部官網(wǎng)發(fā)布的提示指出，游客要密切關(guān)注各地疫情防控部門發(fā)布的疫情風(fēng)險(xiǎn)情況，了解目的地最新疫情防控政策。

Tourists are urged to carry out self-protection measures including wearing masks and washing their hands frequently, as well as keeping their distance from others while taking transportation and visiting parks. The use of serving chopsticks and spoons during meals is also recommended, the statement said.
游客要做好自我防護(hù)，戴口罩、勤洗手，在乘坐交通工具、入園游覽時(shí)，自覺與其他游客保持間距。就餐時(shí)使用公筷公勺。

提示同時(shí)要求游客避免扎堆，錯(cuò)峰出游。

The statement also asked tourists to learn in advance about ticket reservations and other measures of scenic spots and devise their itineraries to avoid peak times.
提示建議游客提前了解景點(diǎn)的門票預(yù)約等措施，間隔入園、錯(cuò)峰旅游。

文旅部提醒游客，自覺遵守旅游目的地和景區(qū)疫情防控制度，接受測量體溫（take temperature）、查驗(yàn)健康碼（check health QR code）、分時(shí)限流、保持間距（social distancing）等要求，對于由此產(chǎn)生的排隊(duì)等待給予充分理解。

此前，文旅部和國家衛(wèi)生健康委曾聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于做好旅游景區(qū)疫情防控和安全有序開放工作的通知》。

通知要求：

Tourist attractions are allowed to receive 30 percent of their maximum visitor capacity. Paid scenic spots are required to evaluate the results before launching preferential policies for tickets and entertainment programs.
景區(qū)接待游客量不得超過核定最大承載量的30%，收費(fèi)景區(qū)在實(shí)施臨時(shí)性優(yōu)惠政策前要做好評估，防止客流量超限。

Tourist attractions should strengthen management over population flow to prevent mass gatherings. Travelers are required to make reservations and encouraged to visit scenic spots in different time periods.
景區(qū)要強(qiáng)化流量管理，嚴(yán)防人員聚集。游客需提前預(yù)約，且建議分時(shí)段游覽。

零號病人 patient zero

Chinese scientists said on Monday that it is very unlikely the novel coronavirus was man-made, and finding patient zero is a formidable task that requires global collaboration to succeed.
中國科學(xué)家4月27日表示，新冠病毒是人造的可能性很低，追溯“零號病人”難度很大，需要全球各國攜手展開工作。

【名詞解釋】

“零號病人（patient zero）”往往用來指稱第一個(gè)受感染的流行病患者（the first person infected with the virus in an epidemic）。確認(rèn)“零號病人”，對于病毒溯源和疫情防控有著重要價(jià)值。

中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院病原生物學(xué)研究所所長金奇說，

Finding the first infected case is an "extremely difficult scientific problem that requires a great amount of interdisciplinary research". Scientists have yet to find patient zero for the 1918 influenza pandemic, HIV or the H1N1 influenza in 2009.
追溯“零號病人”是“非常難的科學(xué)問題，需要大量的工作，多學(xué)科交叉”。1918年大流感、艾滋病以及2009年暴發(fā)的H1N1流感等大規(guī)模傳染病都沒有找到明確的“零號病人”。

中國疾控中心病毒病預(yù)防控制所學(xué)者劉培培表示，

The increased number of people with COVID-19 antibodies, as well as the existence of asymptomatic patients, are two main obstacles in finding patient zero.
有新冠肺炎抗體的人數(shù)增加以及無癥狀感染者的存在是追溯“零號病人”的兩個(gè)主要障礙。

If patient zero is asymptomatic or has very mild symptoms, he or she may not have seen a doctor and left a medical record.
如果“零號病人”為無癥狀或非常輕微的癥狀，那可能沒有去就醫(yī)，沒有留下就診記錄。

China and many other countries are also looking for patient zero. He said he hopes countries can work together to tackle this challenging task.
中國和很多其他國家都在尋找“零號病人”，他希望各國能夠攜手合作應(yīng)對這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。

收費(fèi)公路 toll roads

交通運(yùn)輸部4月28日發(fā)布關(guān)于恢復(fù)收費(fèi)公路收費(fèi)的公告。

China's Ministry of Transport announced to restore all tolls across the country from May 6. The move is valid for all toll roads nationwide, including bridges and tunnels, the ministry said in a notice, adding that given vehicles approved by law will continue to be exempted from tolls.
交通運(yùn)輸部發(fā)布公告，自2020年5月6日零時(shí)起，全國收費(fèi)公路恢復(fù)收費(fèi)（含收費(fèi)橋梁和隧道）。與此同時(shí)，繼續(xù)落實(shí)法定免費(fèi)通行政策。

【單詞講解】

Toll這個(gè)詞可以直接表示“（道路、橋梁）通行費(fèi)”，所以，沒有必要說toll fee，“收費(fèi)站”就可以用toll gate、toll booth表示，咱們國家一些法定節(jié)假日期間小型車輛高速公路免費(fèi)通行則可以說Most expressways in the country are going toll free for passenger cars with fewer than seven seats during the holiday period. 此外，在有關(guān)災(zāi)難事故的新聞報(bào)道中見到的toll則表示“（傷亡）人數(shù)”，比如death toll（死亡人數(shù)）、the toll of dead and injured mounted（傷亡人數(shù)增加）。

符合《收費(fèi)公路管理?xiàng)l例》及相關(guān)規(guī)定的軍隊(duì)車輛（含武警部隊(duì)車輛）（military vehicles），公安機(jī)關(guān)在轄區(qū)內(nèi)收費(fèi)公路上處理交通事故、執(zhí)行正常巡邏任務(wù)和處置突發(fā)事件的統(tǒng)一標(biāo)志的制式警車（police vehicles），懸掛應(yīng)急救援專用號牌的國家綜合性消防救援車輛（fire and rescue vehicles），經(jīng)國務(wù)院交通主管部門或者省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府批準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)任務(wù)的車輛，鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸車輛（vehicles transporting fresh agricultural products），進(jìn)行跨區(qū)作業(yè)的聯(lián)合收割機(jī)和運(yùn)輸聯(lián)合收割機(jī)（包括插秧機(jī)）的車輛，繼續(xù)享受免收車輛通行費(fèi)政策。

此外，保障疫情防控應(yīng)急運(yùn)輸車輛優(yōu)先便捷通行。

Special needs and fast passes will be set up at expressway toll booths, and guidance of on-site traffic order will be strengthened.
高速公路收費(fèi)站設(shè)置專用快捷通道，加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)場通行秩序引導(dǎo)維護(hù)。

突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急響應(yīng) response to public health emergencies

4月30日零時(shí)起，北京將突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級響應(yīng)調(diào)整為二級響應(yīng)（lower the emergency response to the novel coronavirus epidemic from the top level to the second level），并相應(yīng)調(diào)整防控策略。

對于響應(yīng)級別調(diào)整，北京市人民政府副秘書長陳蓓介紹：

By the end of Tuesday, 15 of the 16 districts in Beijing had reported zero new local cases for more than 36 days. Chaoyang district, which was listed as the high-risk area for COVID-19 control, has no new local cases for 14 days by Wednesday and will be listed as low-risk area.
截至4月28日24時(shí)，北京市16個(gè)區(qū)中有15個(gè)區(qū)超過36天無新增本土病例報(bào)告。截至4月29日，此前被列為新冠肺炎防控高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)的朝陽區(qū)已連續(xù)14天無新增報(bào)告確診病例，成為低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)。

Beijing has been taking strict measures on both domestic and overseas travelers coming to the capital, as well as community control to prevent infection risks, which has proved to be effective. In Beijing, the risk of outbreak has been generally mitigated.
北京采取了嚴(yán)把入京關(guān)、境內(nèi)外人員進(jìn)京關(guān)，以及社區(qū)嚴(yán)格疫情防控等有效措施。目前北京疫情防控總體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可控。

北京調(diào)低應(yīng)急響應(yīng)級別后，防控策略調(diào)整涉及哪些方面？

低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)返京不再要求隔離14天

People from low-risk regions of China will not need to be quarantined for 14 days at home upon arriving in Beijing. Those who are undergoing concentrated or at-home observation need not continue.
對從國內(nèi)低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)返京、出差返京人員，不再要求居家觀察14天。正在居家集中觀察的，可以解除觀察。

But the strict management of inbound personnel and those from high- and medium-risk areas and Hubei, the province once hardest hit by the virus, will continue.
不包括境外回京人員，也不包括湖北含武漢地區(qū)的人員及國內(nèi)其他省市高、中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)進(jìn)京的人員。

快遞外賣中介可憑健康寶綠碼進(jìn)小區(qū)，親友也可以

Couriers, deliverymen, housekeepers and real estate agents with green health codes will be allowed to enter residential communities, which will remain under closed-off management.
繼續(xù)實(shí)施社區(qū)封閉式管理，快遞、外賣、家政服務(wù)以及房屋中介等服務(wù)行業(yè)從業(yè)人員，持“健康寶”綠碼登記后可以進(jìn)入小區(qū)。

Relative visitors will also be allowed if their health codes are green.
非本小區(qū)居民持“健康寶”綠碼并登記后可進(jìn)入小區(qū)探親訪友。

入住賓館酒店不再要求提供核酸檢測證明

Hotels in Beijing will not require nucleic acid test results from guests, with only a green health code needed to check-in.
入住賓館酒店的，可憑借“健康寶”綠碼辦理手續(xù)，不再要求提供核酸檢測證明。

有序放開公共交通滿載率限制

The maximum allowable passenger capacity will be raised from 50 percent of full capacity to 75 percent on buses and to 65 percent on subway trains.
地面公交滿載率由50%上調(diào)至75%，軌道交通滿載率由50%上調(diào)至65%。

有序恢復(fù)跨京冀公交線路運(yùn)營

Bus services between Beijing and some areas in the neighboring Hebei province will resume operations in an orderly manner, and inter-provincial long-distance and chartered bus services will gradually be resumed.
有序恢復(fù)跨京冀公交線路運(yùn)營，逐步恢復(fù)進(jìn)出京長途客運(yùn)班線和旅游包車業(yè)務(wù)。

暫不開放影院、KTV、地下空間健身所、小區(qū)內(nèi)外棋牌室娛樂室

Libraries, museums and galleries will reopen in an orderly manner with restricted numbers of visitors, and cinemas, karaoke houses and underground gymnasiums and natatoria will remain closed.
有序開放圖書館、博物館、美術(shù)館等室內(nèi)公共場所，并實(shí)行預(yù)約限流措施。但各影院、KTV、地下空間體育健身場所、游泳館等暫不開放。

戶外環(huán)境原則上可不戴口罩或根據(jù)自身狀況決定

Ordinary people can take off their masks in outdoor public venues if they are not at populated sites like school campuses and stations of public transport. Pregnant women, children and the elderly with poor immunity are still advised to wear their masks on if they need to go to public places.
普通人在戶外可以不戴口罩，校園、公共交通站點(diǎn)等人員密集場所除外。孕產(chǎn)婦、兒童、老人等體質(zhì)弱并需前往公共場所的人員仍建議戴口罩。

（中國日報(bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 馬文英）