美國總統(tǒng)特朗普4月14日宣布，美國暫停向世界衛(wèi)生組織提供資金。

US President Donald Trump says he has instructed his administration to halt funding to the World Health Organization (WHO).He said the WHO had "failed in its basic duty" in its response to the coronavirus outbreak.
美國總統(tǒng)特朗普表示，他已指示其政府暫停向世界衛(wèi)生組織提供資金。他說，世衛(wèi)組織在應對新冠肺炎疫情時“沒有履行其基本職責”。

Mr Trump said funding would be on hold for 60 to 90 days pending a review of the WHO’s warnings about the coronavirus and China.
特朗普表示，暫停提供資金的期限將持續(xù)60到90天，在此期間將對世衛(wèi)組織就新冠病毒及中國疫情發(fā)出的警示信息進行評估。

特朗普在白宮記者會上表示：

With the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, we have deep concerns whether America’s generosity has been put to the best use possible. The reality is that the WHO failed to adequately obtain, vet and share information in a timely and transparent fashion.
隨著新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)，我們非常關心美國的慷慨是否物盡其用?，F(xiàn)實是，世衛(wèi)組織未能及時透明地充分獲取、篩選及分享信息。

If we cannot trust them, if this is what we will receive from the WHO, our country will be forced to find other ways to work with other nations to achieve public health goals.
如果我們不能信任他們，如果這就是我們從世衛(wèi)組織得到的，我國就不得不尋找其他途徑與其他國家合作來達到公共衛(wèi)生領域的目標。

聯(lián)合國秘書長古特雷斯對此回應稱，世界衛(wèi)生組織必須得到支持。

António Guterres, the UN secretary general, declared now was “not the time to reduce the resources for the operations of the World Health Organization or any other humanitarian organization in the fight against the virus.
古特雷斯表示，疫情當前，現(xiàn)在不是減少對世衛(wèi)組織或者任何一個人道主義組織資源支持的時候。

“As I have said before, now is the time for unity and for the international community to work together in solidarity to stop this virus and its shattering consequences,” he said in a statement.
我之前說過，國際社會現(xiàn)在應該團結(jié)一致、攜手聚力，共同阻止這個病毒及其產(chǎn)生的破壞性后果。

世衛(wèi)組織的資金來源

WHO’s Programme Budget is financed through a mix of assessed and voluntary contributions. Assessed contributions are the dues countries pay in order to be a member of the Organization. The amount each Member State must pay is calculated relative to the country's wealth and population.
世衛(wèi)組織的規(guī)劃預算資金來自評定會費和自愿捐款。評定會費是國家作為本組織會員國交納的費用。每一會員國交納的費用按本國的財富和人口狀況計算。

Assessed contributions have declined as an overall percentage of the Programme Budget and have, for several years, accounted for less than one quarter of the organization’s financing. The balance is mobilized through voluntary contributions.
評定會費占規(guī)劃預算的總百分比有所減少，近幾年占比還不到該組織資金總額的四分之一。其余資金通過自愿捐款籌集。

However, assessed contributions remain a key source of financing for the organization, providing a level of predictability, helping to minimize dependence on a narrow donor base, and allowing resources to be aligned to the Programme Budget.
但評定會費仍是該組織資金的一個主要來源，它提供了一定程度的可預測性，有助于降低對少量捐助方的依賴，使資源水平能夠與規(guī)劃預算保持一致。

WHO assessed contributions are due and payable as of 1 January from all WHO Member States and Associate Members (currently 194 Member States and 2 Associate Members).
世衛(wèi)組織各會員國和準會員（目前共有194個會員國和兩個準會員）需于1月1日繳付世衛(wèi)組織評定會費。

Where the total annual assessed contribution for a Member State is $200,000 or greater, that Member's contributions are assessed half in United States dollar and half in Swiss francs, otherwise, contributions are assessed in United States dollars only.
如會員國年評定會費總額為20萬美元或更多，則會費一半按美元評定，一半按瑞士法郎評定。如會員國年評定會費總額低于20萬美元，會費應全部按美元評定。

The US is the WHO's biggest funder, providing $400m last year - just under 15% of its total budget.
美國是世衛(wèi)組織最大的資金提供方，去年提供了4億美元的資金支持，占該組織總預算近15%。

The organization launched an appeal in March for $675m to help fight the pandemic.
上個月，世衛(wèi)組織曾發(fā)起捐款呼吁，希望能為抗擊新冠肺炎疫情籌集6.75億美元的資金。

對于特朗普關于世衛(wèi)組織沒有及時分享疫情信息的指責，美國媒體做了時間線的梳理。

CNBC報道稱：

WHO started sounding the alarm on the outbreak of a new coronavirus in China, in mid-January, designating the now Covid-19 pandemic as a global health emergency on Jan 30 when there were just 8,200 cases in 18 countries across the world.
世衛(wèi)組織1月中旬開始發(fā)出警報，稱一種新型冠狀病毒疫情在中國暴發(fā)，1月30日就宣布如今被稱為新冠肺炎大流行病的疫情為國際關注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件，當時全球只有18個國家報告了8200例確診病例。

The WHO’s global emergency declaration on Jan 30 was nearly a month before Trump tweeted that “The Coronavirus is very much under control in the USA” and six weeks before he declared a national emergency on March 13.
1月30日，世衛(wèi)組織宣布國際關注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件，過了將近一個月，特朗普還在發(fā)推特說，“美國把新冠病毒控制得很好”，過了6個星期，他才在3月13日宣布美國進入國家緊急狀態(tài)。

Two days earlier, on March 11, WHO officials declared the outbreak a pandemic, when there were just 121,000 global cases.
在此兩天前，3月11日，世衛(wèi)組織官員宣布新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行，當時全球只有12.1萬病例。

【相關詞匯】

評定會費 assessed contribution

自愿捐款 voluntary contribution

全球公共衛(wèi)生安全 international public health security

新冠肺炎疫情防控全球阻擊戰(zhàn) global war against the COVID-19 outbreak

跨境傳播 cross-border spread

參考來源：BBC、the Guardian、WHO官網(wǎng)、CNBC

（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen）