還在用“小豬存錢(qián)罐”？隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)支付和移動(dòng)支付的普及，不少父母連給孩子零花錢(qián)都要通過(guò)手機(jī)來(lái)支付了。一些商家抓住商機(jī)，開(kāi)發(fā)出了手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序，不僅能幫父母支付零花錢(qián)，還能幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)理財(cái)，但也有人擔(dān)心這會(huì)讓孩子養(yǎng)成過(guò)度消費(fèi)的惡習(xí)。

Children may not be stashing coins in piggy banks for much longer; with the move towards a cashless society, pocket money is moving digital.

孩子們今后可能不會(huì)再把零花錢(qián)存在存錢(qián)罐里了。隨著無(wú)現(xiàn)金社會(huì)的發(fā)展，零花錢(qián)也在數(shù)字化。

To reflect this trend, a flurry of mobile budgeting apps for children has sprung up worldwide: GoHenry, Osper and Gimi to name a few.

為了緊跟潮流，全球出現(xiàn)了多個(gè)兒童移動(dòng)理財(cái)應(yīng)用程序，比如GoHenry、Osper和Gimi等等。

These apps offer a simple money management service for children, often for a monthly subscription fee paid by the parents. Parents can add money to children's accounts, set limits and monitor transactions, while children can choose to save their money or spend it using a prepaid card that works like a debit card. The apps suggest minimum ages ranging from six to nine for the prepaid card.

這些應(yīng)用程序?yàn)楹⒆觽兲峁┖?jiǎn)單的理財(cái)服務(wù)，通常由父母每月支付費(fèi)用。父母可以將錢(qián)存入孩子的賬戶(hù)，設(shè)定限額并監(jiān)控交易，而孩子可以選擇存錢(qián)或使用類(lèi)似借記卡的預(yù)付卡消費(fèi)。這些應(yīng)用程序建議預(yù)付卡的最低使用年齡為6至9歲。

負(fù)責(zé)任的消費(fèi)

The companies behind the apps argue that in an increasingly cashless society, they can be a valuable way of teaching young children about money.

開(kāi)發(fā)這些應(yīng)用程序的公司稱(chēng)，在一個(gè)越來(lái)越無(wú)現(xiàn)金化的社會(huì)里，這些程序可以成為一種教育孩子理財(cái)?shù)膶氋F方式。

Two thirds of adults globally are financially illiterate, according to Standard & Poor's Global Financial Literacy Survey, and one in four teenagers are unable to make even simple decisions on everyday spending.

根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾的全球金融素養(yǎng)調(diào)查，全球三分之二的成年人沒(méi)有接受過(guò)金融教育，四分之一的青少年甚至無(wú)法對(duì)日常支出做出簡(jiǎn)單決定。

These apps aim to overcome this, claiming to teach children financial concepts, such as budgeting, interest rates and income.

這些應(yīng)用旨在解決這一問(wèn)題，聲稱(chēng)能教會(huì)孩子們理財(cái)?shù)母拍?，比如預(yù)算、利率和收入。

For instance, the Swedish app Gimi -— with 1.2 million users globally — has virtual savings jars where children can deposit money; parents can pay children interest as they save; and there is a chores feature, where parents can pay children for completing household tasks.

例如，瑞典的應(yīng)用程序Gimi在全球擁有120萬(wàn)用戶(hù)，它擁有虛擬存錢(qián)罐，孩子們可以在里面存錢(qián)，父母可以給孩子支付儲(chǔ)蓄利息。它還有一個(gè)“家務(wù)”功能，父母可以付錢(qián)讓孩子完成家務(wù)。

The account is attached to a prepaid card that is currently available in Sweden only, but expected to launch elsewhere in Europe in 2020.

該賬戶(hù)附帶一張預(yù)付卡，目前只能在瑞典使用，但預(yù)計(jì)將于2020年在歐洲其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)推出。

"Cash was the best way to teach financial literacy because it's so tangible and so easy to grasp," Philip Haglund, CEO of Gimi, tells CNN Business. "Now money is being transferred through some kind of cyberspace, which is really abstract and hard for anyone to understand."

Gimi的首席執(zhí)行官菲利普·哈格倫德在接受美國(guó)有線(xiàn)新聞網(wǎng)商業(yè)頻道采訪(fǎng)時(shí)說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)金是教授金融知識(shí)的最佳方式，因?yàn)樗怯行蔚?，容易掌握。現(xiàn)在，錢(qián)通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)轉(zhuǎn)賬，這真的很抽象，人們都很難理解?！?/p>

Haglund believes the app can teach responsible spending habits, whereas schools tend to focus more on economic theory.

哈格倫德認(rèn)為，這款應(yīng)用可以教會(huì)學(xué)生負(fù)責(zé)任的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣，而學(xué)校往往更關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。

"You don't become better at money management just because you have a degree in economics. It's more about the attitude and the relationship you have with parents' money when you're six to 12 years old," he says.

他說(shuō)：“你不會(huì)因?yàn)閾碛薪?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)學(xué)位就變得更擅長(zhǎng)理財(cái)。更重要的是6到12歲期間，你對(duì)父母的錢(qián)持什么態(tài)度，以及跟這些錢(qián)的關(guān)系?！?/p>

But Catherine Winter, managing director of financial capability at The London Institute of Banking and Finance, warns that while digital tools can help there needs to be a more structured approach to financial education.

但倫敦銀行與金融研究所金融財(cái)力部門(mén)總經(jīng)理凱瑟琳?溫特警告稱(chēng)，盡管數(shù)字工具可能有所幫助，但金融教育需要一種更結(jié)構(gòu)化的方法。

The area should "have regular, dedicated, classroom time and ideally should be taught as a standalone subject," she said. "Children would then have the right context and foundation to get the most out of both the apps and their money."

她說(shuō)，這個(gè)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)該“有固定的、專(zhuān)門(mén)的課堂時(shí)間，最好是作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的學(xué)科來(lái)教授。這樣一來(lái)，孩子們就有了合適的環(huán)境和基礎(chǔ)來(lái)最大限度地利用這些應(yīng)用程序和他們的錢(qián)。”

帶來(lái)巨大商機(jī)

The growth of digital banking has affected how parents doll out pocket money, with one in three parents in the United Kingdom doing it digitally, according to a recent report by the financial comparison website Money.co.uk.

金融比較網(wǎng)站money.co.uk最近發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，數(shù)字銀行的發(fā)展已經(jīng)影響了父母?jìng)兘o孩子零花錢(qián)的方式，在英國(guó)，三分之一的父母用數(shù)字方式給孩子零花錢(qián)。

As a whole, kids aged 13-19, are estimated to contribute ￡1.7 billion into the UK economy each year, according to the Teenage Finance Report from financial services providers OneFamily.

根據(jù)金融服務(wù)提供商“一家人”發(fā)布的《青少年理財(cái)報(bào)告》，13-19歲的青少年每年為英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)約17億英鎊（約合人民幣157億元）。

"There's a big opportunity," Aurelian Guichard, the product owner for Revolut Youth, tells CNN Business.

應(yīng)用程序Revolut Youth的產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人奧雷利安·吉查德告訴美國(guó)有線(xiàn)新聞網(wǎng)商業(yè)頻道說(shuō)：“這蘊(yùn)藏著巨大的商機(jī)。”

"We have an app for adults ... so we will be able to build a transition from being a Revolut Youth user to becoming a normal user."

“我們有一款針對(duì)成年人應(yīng)用……因此，我們能讓兒童用戶(hù)逐漸過(guò)度為成人用戶(hù)?！?/p>

This could translate to customers for life, as according to the UK's Competition and Markets Authority only 3% of personal customers switch to a different bank in any year.

根據(jù)英國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與市場(chǎng)管理局的數(shù)據(jù)，這些應(yīng)用程序的使用者可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為終生的客戶(hù)，因?yàn)槊磕曛挥?%的個(gè)人客戶(hù)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)到另一家銀行。

鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)還是借債？

One concern is that introducing digital money apps to young children could help to encourage irresponsible spending habits.

有人擔(dān)憂(yōu)稱(chēng)，向兒童推出數(shù)字貨幣應(yīng)用程序可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)不負(fù)責(zé)任的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣。

"If children don't have a good foundation in financial capability, there's a risk that money apps could be seen as just another game," says Winter. "There's a risk that they won't learn about the real value of money and might develop bad money habits."

溫特說(shuō)：“如果孩子們不具備良好的財(cái)務(wù)能力基礎(chǔ)，那么這些應(yīng)用就有可能被視為另一種游戲。他們有可能不了解錢(qián)的真正價(jià)值，并養(yǎng)成不良的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣?！?/p>

However, Haglund says children are protected from this as parents can monitor their spending habits and none of the services offer an overdraft so children cannot go into debt.

然而，哈格倫德說(shuō)，孩子們不會(huì)受此困擾，因?yàn)楦改缚梢员O(jiān)督他們的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣，而且沒(méi)有任何一項(xiàng)服務(wù)提供透支，這樣孩子們就不會(huì)負(fù)債。

overdraft [???v?drɑ?ft]：n.透支；透支額

Plus, it is important for kids to learn and make mistakes, says Guichard.

此外，吉查德說(shuō)，對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)和犯錯(cuò)都很重要。

"We want to help kids and teenagers gain financial skills for life, and the earlier you do that the better, because if you're going to make a mistake of ￡10 at eight, it's better than making a mistake of ￡1,000 when you're 28," he says.

他說(shuō)：“我們想幫助孩子和青少年獲得終生的理財(cái)技能，越早越好，因?yàn)槿绻阍?歲時(shí)犯價(jià)值10英鎊的錯(cuò)誤，總比你28歲時(shí)犯價(jià)值1000英鎊的錯(cuò)誤要好?！?/p>

英文來(lái)源：CNN

翻譯&編輯：yaning