2019年11月新聞熱詞匯總
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2019-12-01 10:00
金磚國(guó)家新工業(yè)革命伙伴關(guān)系 BRICS partnership on new industrial revolution
President Xi Jinping on Wednesday called on the business circles to actively participate and promote BRICS economic cooperation so as to make tangible contributions to economic growth and job creation. Xi made the remarks when addressing the closing ceremony of the BRICS business forum in the Brazilian capital.
當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間11月13日,金磚國(guó)家工商論壇閉幕式在巴西利亞舉行。國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席并發(fā)表講話。習(xí)近平指出,希望工商界朋友們踴躍參與和推動(dòng)金磚國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,為促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)作出實(shí)實(shí)在在的貢獻(xiàn)。
【重要講話】
金磚國(guó)家新工業(yè)革命伙伴關(guān)系是下階段金磚經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的一個(gè)重要抓手。要敢于先行先試,將企業(yè)合作同新工業(yè)革命伙伴關(guān)系結(jié)合起來(lái),爭(zhēng)取在創(chuàng)新、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)、綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)等領(lǐng)域拿出更多亮眼成果,助力五國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
The BRICS partnership on new industrial revolution is vital to BRICS economic cooperation at the next stage, the business sector should integrate business cooperation with the BRICS partnership on new industrial revolution, and produce more spotlight results in such areas as innovation, digital economy and green economy so as to promote high-quality development of BRICS economies.
——2019年11月13日,習(xí)近平出席金磚國(guó)家工商論壇閉幕式并發(fā)表講話
世界一流港口 world-class ports
Nine government agencies including the Ministry of Transport and the National Development and Reform Commission released a guideline to accelerate the building of world-class ports. By 2035, major ports should advance to world-class levels and by 2050, several world-class port clusters should be formed, with leading development levels, according to the guideline.
交通運(yùn)輸部、國(guó)家發(fā)改委等9個(gè)部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于建設(shè)世界一流港口的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》?!兑庖?jiàn)》提出,到2035年,主要港口總體達(dá)到世界一流水平;到2050年,形成若干個(gè)世界級(jí)港口群,發(fā)展水平位居世界前列。
【重要講話】
海洋是高質(zhì)量發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略要地。要加快建設(shè)世界一流的海洋港口、完善的現(xiàn)代海洋產(chǎn)業(yè)體系、綠色可持續(xù)的海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境,為海洋強(qiáng)國(guó)建設(shè)作出貢獻(xiàn)。
The oceans are strategically important to high-quality development. We should speed up the progress in the construction of world-class sea ports, a well-established modern maritime industry system, and a green and sustainable marine ecological environment to push for the building of a maritime power.
——2018年3月8日,習(xí)近平在參加十三屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議山東代表團(tuán)審議時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)
大風(fēng) strong gale
Beijing Municipal Meteorological Center issued a yellow gale alert from Sunday afternoon to noon on Monday. The capital will experience strong winds of up to 88 kilometers per hour, and its lowest temperature will reach around minus 4 C in the following days.
北京市氣象臺(tái)發(fā)布11月17日下午至18日中午的大風(fēng)黃色預(yù)警,在此期間,北京市將有時(shí)速88公里的大風(fēng)(即9級(jí)大風(fēng)),之后幾天的最低氣溫將降至零下4度左右。
【小百科】
氣象學(xué)上劃分風(fēng)力等級(jí)的方法由愛(ài)爾蘭人法蘭西·蒲福海軍上將在1805年左右制定,因此被稱為“蒲福氏風(fēng)級(jí)(Beaufort Scale)”。按強(qiáng)弱,將風(fēng)力劃為“零”至“十二”,共十三個(gè)等級(jí)。
0--無(wú)風(fēng),Calm,風(fēng)速小于1km/h
1--輕微/微風(fēng)/軟風(fēng),Light air,風(fēng)速1-5km/h
2--輕微/微風(fēng)/輕風(fēng),Light breeze,風(fēng)速6-11km/h
3--和緩/溫和/微風(fēng),Gentle breeze,風(fēng)速12-19km/h
4--和緩/和風(fēng),Moderate breeze,風(fēng)速20-28km/h
5--清勁/清風(fēng),F(xiàn)resh breeze,風(fēng)速29-38km/h
6--強(qiáng)風(fēng),Strong breeze,風(fēng)速39-49km/h
7--強(qiáng)風(fēng)/疾風(fēng),Near gale,風(fēng)速50-61km/h
8--烈風(fēng)/大風(fēng),Gale,風(fēng)速62-74km/h
9--烈風(fēng),Strong gale,風(fēng)速75-88km/h
10--暴風(fēng)/狂風(fēng),Storm,風(fēng)速89-102km/h
11--暴風(fēng),Violent storm,風(fēng)速103-117km/h
12--颶風(fēng),Hurricane,風(fēng)速118-133km/h
On Sunday afternoon, the National Meteorological Center issued a blue alert for gales in central and eastern China and a yellow alert for snowstorms in the northeastern provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang.
11月17日下午,中央氣象臺(tái)發(fā)布中東部大風(fēng)藍(lán)色預(yù)警以及東北地區(qū)吉林和黑龍江暴雪黃色預(yù)警。
The cold front will continue to affect central and eastern China in the next two days, causing the temperature to drop by 6 to 10 C.
未來(lái)兩天,冷空氣還將影響中東部地區(qū),氣溫將下降6到10攝氏度。
【詞匯講解】
人們通常用cold snap、cold wave、cold front、cold spell來(lái)表達(dá)寒潮。寒潮是指strong cold air(強(qiáng)冷空氣)由亞洲大陸西部或西北部侵襲中國(guó)時(shí)的強(qiáng)降溫天氣過(guò)程,一般多發(fā)生在秋末、冬季、初春時(shí)節(jié)。
當(dāng)范圍很大的cold air mass(冷氣團(tuán))聚集到一定程度,就會(huì)大規(guī)模向南入侵,形成寒潮天氣。寒潮地面高壓的前端一般都有一條cold front(冷鋒)。寒潮過(guò)后,當(dāng)?shù)貢?huì)受low pressure area(低氣壓)控制。
大風(fēng)降溫天氣,大家要注意保暖、補(bǔ)水保濕,這份降溫“自?!惫ヂ哉?qǐng)收好。
口罩加身(use face masks),保暖防?。嚎谡质潜夭豢缮俚姆篮ぞ?,既可以有效防止灰塵、浮沉侵襲肌膚,又可以防止被凜冽的寒風(fēng)吹得生疼。
溫水洗臉(wash face with warm water),多喝熱水:洗臉?biāo)疁乜刂圃?0-37℃,選用保濕效果較好的護(hù)膚品。多喝熱水,每天的飲水量因人而異,但“多喝熱水”在大風(fēng)降溫的時(shí)候,絕不是敷衍。
戴上護(hù)膝(protect knees),保護(hù)關(guān)節(jié):很多人會(huì)在大風(fēng)天氣時(shí)感到關(guān)節(jié)疼痛,不妨戴上護(hù)膝、護(hù)腕,保護(hù)關(guān)節(jié)。
開(kāi)窗換氣(ventilation),以適溫差:室內(nèi)外溫差過(guò)大會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病高發(fā),可以視外面空氣情況,每天開(kāi)窗通風(fēng)兩次,每次30分鐘左右。
穿衣適度(wrap up properly),增強(qiáng)免疫力:在保證身體不冷的前提下,不宜捂得過(guò)嚴(yán),捂出汗反而會(huì)降低免疫力。
走私違禁物品 smuggling of banned substances
The judicial interpretation offers guidelines and criteria for imposing penalties in cases involving the smuggling and illegal sale of banned substances. The judicial interpretation will take effect on Jan 1, 2020.
根據(jù)司法實(shí)踐情況,該司法解釋對(duì)違禁物品走私、非法銷售等行為的定罪量刑提供了指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。該解釋自2020年1月1日施行。
司法解釋(judicial interpretation)是司法機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)法律、法規(guī)(法令)的進(jìn)一步明確界限所做的補(bǔ)充規(guī)定。
該司法解釋主要明確了以下內(nèi)容:
一是加強(qiáng)源頭管理。
Those who involve in illegal selling of banned substances stipulated in laws and administrative regulations will be subject to criminal punishment for illegal business operations.
非法經(jīng)營(yíng)興奮劑目錄所列物質(zhì),涉案物質(zhì)屬于法律、行政法規(guī)規(guī)定的限制買賣的物品的,可以非法經(jīng)營(yíng)罪定罪處罰。
二是懲治非法使用行為。
Those who force, organize, lure or cheat minors or people with disabilities under their guardianship into using performance-enhancing drugs in sports activities and harm physical and mental health of the latter will face criminal penalty for maltreatment.
組織、強(qiáng)迫、引誘、欺騙未成年人、殘疾人在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中非法使用興奮劑,嚴(yán)重?fù)p害未成年人、殘疾人身心健康的,以虐待被監(jiān)護(hù)、看護(hù)人罪定罪處罰。
In the athletic test section of national-level examinations, including the college entrance examination and the civil servant examination, those who organize the doping of candidates will be penalized in accordance with the standards employed for those found guilty of the crime of cheating on exams, according to the interpretation.
在普通高等學(xué)校招生、公務(wù)員錄用等法律規(guī)定的國(guó)家考試涉及的體育、體能測(cè)試等體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中,組織考生非法使用興奮劑的,以組織考試作弊罪定罪處罰。
三是壓實(shí)監(jiān)管責(zé)任。
For those who work in state organs or anti-doping agencies but abuse their power or fail to do their job when performing anti-doping duties, causing serious doping violations, seriously damaging the national reputation or causing negative social influence, they will be punished in accordance with the standards for the crimes of abuse of power and dereliction of duty, it said.
國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員以及行使反興奮劑管理職權(quán)單位的工作人員,在行使反興奮劑管理職權(quán)時(shí)濫用職權(quán)或者玩忽職守,造成嚴(yán)重興奮劑違規(guī)事件,嚴(yán)重?fù)p害國(guó)家聲譽(yù)或者造成惡劣社會(huì)影響的,以濫用職權(quán)罪、玩忽職守罪定罪處罰。
世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄 World Directory of Medical Schools
近日,變更后的《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄》(WDMS)中不再包括北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、貴州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、山西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、云南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)等8所中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)。該消息在網(wǎng)上引發(fā)關(guān)注。
The Ministry of Education on Monday dismissed worries that the removal of eight universities specializing in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from the World Directory of Medical Schools would affect graduates' ability to obtain medical licenses.
11月18日,教育部對(duì)網(wǎng)友的擔(dān)憂回應(yīng)稱,這8所學(xué)校不在《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄》中并不會(huì)影響這些學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生獲取醫(yī)師資格。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄(World Directory of Medical Schools)》最早在1953年由世界衛(wèi)生組織出版,2007年8月起,交由世界醫(yī)學(xué)教育聯(lián)合會(huì)(the World Federation for Medical Education,WFME)管理。2014年4月,舊版的《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄》跟國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)教育和研究促進(jìn)基金會(huì)(the Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research,F(xiàn)AIMER)出版的《國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)教育名錄(International Medical Education Directory)》合并成為如今的《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄》。名錄會(huì)列出醫(yī)學(xué)院校的基本信息、聯(lián)系方式、附屬機(jī)構(gòu)、課程安排以及招生情況,旨在為有意就讀醫(yī)科的學(xué)生、醫(yī)療監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、公眾以及研究人員提供醫(yī)科院校的各方面信息。
《世界醫(yī)學(xué)院校名錄》官網(wǎng)信息表示,列入該名錄的學(xué)校并不代表被該名錄或者合作機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)可、認(rèn)證或背書(shū)(the listing of a medical school in the World Directory of Medical Schools does not denote recognition, accreditation, or endorsement by the World Directory of Medical Schools or by its partner organizations)。
The ministry said TCM universities are important parts of China's medical colleges and universities, and TCM graduates have the qualifications to get their degrees and attend medical licensing examinations based on relevant laws.
教育部表示,中醫(yī)藥院校是中國(guó)高等醫(yī)學(xué)院校不可或缺的重要組成部分,按照國(guó)家相關(guān)法律規(guī)定,中醫(yī)藥院校的畢業(yè)生有資格獲得相應(yīng)的學(xué)位,并參加執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師資格考試。
Such a fact will not be changed or influenced by a decision made by a nongovernmental organization to remove them from its directory, the ministry said.
這一事實(shí),不會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)非政府組織管理的院校名錄沒(méi)有收錄這些中醫(yī)藥院校而受到影響、發(fā)生改變。
無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血 voluntary blood donations
近日,國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委會(huì)同多部門印發(fā)了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血工作健康發(fā)展的通知》,提出建立無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血激勵(lì)機(jī)制。
The document urged the incorporation of voluntary blood donations into the social credit system across the nation, and the establishment of an incentive mechanism that provides donors with preferential treatment in using communal facilities or visiting government-run parks.
通知提出,各地應(yīng)探索將無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血納入社會(huì)征信系統(tǒng),建立無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血激勵(lì)機(jī)制,對(duì)獻(xiàn)血者使用公共設(shè)施、參觀游覽政府辦公園等提供優(yōu)惠待遇。
在提升血站服務(wù)水平方面,通知要求,探索建立“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血(Internet Plus voluntary blood donation)”服務(wù)模式,為獻(xiàn)血者提供個(gè)性化服務(wù)(provide personalized services for blood donors)。
The current preferential policy for voluntary blood donors should be improved so that when they or their immediate family members are discharged from the hospital, they could receive a deduction or exemption of blood fees more conveniently.
完善無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血者優(yōu)惠待遇流程,使獻(xiàn)血者及直系親屬出院時(shí)減免用血費(fèi)用流程更加便利。
通知提出,應(yīng)持續(xù)提升血液安全。指導(dǎo)血站建立健全質(zhì)量安全管理體系(blood safety management),完善高危獻(xiàn)血者屏蔽和淘汰制度,健全血液預(yù)警機(jī)制。相關(guān)部門要根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貍魅静×餍星闆r,完善血液篩查策略(improve blood screening strategies based on the local epidemic situation)。
通知稱,要提升貧困地區(qū)血液保障能力(blood supply and security capacity should also be improved in poverty-stricken areas)。將提升貧困地區(qū)血液供應(yīng)保障能力作為完善血液供應(yīng)體系、保障民眾生命健康權(quán)益的重要內(nèi)容,加大貧困地區(qū)采供血網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)力度。
對(duì)于無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血納入社會(huì)征信,很多網(wǎng)友表示,獻(xiàn)血與個(gè)人信用并沒(méi)有多大關(guān)系。
光明網(wǎng)就此發(fā)表評(píng)論表示,社會(huì)征信體系的使用,仍然需要遵循嚴(yán)格的使用邊界(there should be a clear boundary where social credit system is applied),它并不是一個(gè)什么都能裝的筐。嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō),只有那些跟公民信用緊密相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目,才能夠納入其中(only acts closely linked to personal credit should be taken into social credit system)。像無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血這種善舉,盡管有很強(qiáng)的公益性,值得鼓勵(lì)推廣,但未必就關(guān)乎個(gè)人信用。
A voluntary blood donor may refuse to pay his/her debt, while someone who doesn't participate in blood donation may have a perfect credit record.
一個(gè)獻(xiàn)血的人同樣可能賴賬,一個(gè)不獻(xiàn)血的人,也可能和失信完全不搭邊。