大熊貓國際形象 global representative of China's giant pandas

A Pu, a cartoon image of a young male panda who loves playing table tennis, has become the official global representative of China's giant pandas.
一只喜歡打乒乓球的年輕雄性卡通大熊貓“阿璞”成為中國大熊貓官方國際形象。

由五洲傳播中心與中國大熊貓保護(hù)研究中心聯(lián)合主辦的“中國大熊貓國際形象設(shè)計(jì)全球招募大賽（China Giant Panda Global Image Design Competition）”于今年2月上線啟動(dòng)，收到來自22個(gè)國家的2023份優(yōu)秀作品（ 2,023 works recruited globally from 22 countries）。長著愛心眼圈、身穿紅色短袖的卡通熊貓“阿璞”得票最高。

“阿璞”卡通熊貓背后的設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)來自北京，該團(tuán)隊(duì)首席設(shè)計(jì)師這樣解讀背后的設(shè)計(jì)理念：

We gave A Pu the identity of a young male panda who will soon be a freshman in college and loves playing table tennis. A Pu wears a red T-shirt on which an image of his favorite food－bamboo shoot－can be seen. The eyes of A Pu are heart-shaped, suggesting sentiments of love and caring.
我們給“阿璞”設(shè)定的身份是一只馬上要上大學(xué)的年輕雄性熊貓，喜歡打乒乓球。他穿著紅色的T恤，上面印著他最愛吃的竹筍。“阿璞”的眼睛是心形的，代表愛與關(guān)懷。

The name A Pu is similar to the pronunciation of "up", as the theme of the competition is "UPanda, signifying the vitality of the young generation".
“阿璞”這個(gè)名字跟up（向上）的讀音接近，而這次大賽的主題是“有熊貓UPanda，代表年輕一代的活力”。

主辦方認(rèn)為，“阿璞”貼合大賽“中國大熊貓，世界新青年（Chinese Giant Panda and world's new generation）”的主題，呈現(xiàn)和代表越來越國際化的中國新青年：朝氣、活力、樂觀、自信、愛分享的國際風(fēng)貌（common qualities shared by today's Chinese young people: dynamics, vitality, optimism, self-confidence, spirit of sharing）。

The image of A Pu will be widely promoted as the official icon of China's giant pandas through cooperation with entertainment and sports companies and will be a bridge connecting China with the rest of the world.
“阿璞”將作為中國大熊貓官方形象，通過與娛樂和體育公司的合作進(jìn)行廣泛宣傳，成為連接中國與世界的橋梁。

科創(chuàng)板 STAR Market

China inaugurated its Nasdaq-like STAR Market, also known as the sci-tech innovation board, at the Shanghai Stock Exchange on Thursday, kicking off the country's much-anticipated capital market reform.
6月13日，科創(chuàng)板在上海證券交易所開板，拉開了我國期待已久的資本市場改革序幕。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

上海證券交易所科創(chuàng)板的英文名為SSE STAR Market，其中SSE代表Shanghai Stock Exchange，而STAR則是從Sci-Tech innovAtion boaRd中各取了一個(gè)字母，STAR一詞本身有“星星、明星、主演”之意，該縮寫寓意著未來科創(chuàng)板如一顆冉冉升起的新星。

股市中的其他各種板包括：主板（mainboard）、中小板（SME board）、創(chuàng)業(yè)板（growth enterprise market, GEM）等。

科創(chuàng)板是什么板？

The new market will support tech companies that are in line with the national strategies, make breakthroughs in core technologies and are well accepted by the market to grow stronger, Yi Huiman, chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), said at the launching ceremony of the sci-tech innovation board at the Lujiazui Forum in Shanghai.
中國證監(jiān)會(huì)主席易會(huì)滿13日在陸家嘴論壇上舉行的科創(chuàng)板開板儀式上表示，科創(chuàng)板要著力支持符合國家戰(zhàn)略、突破關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)、市場認(rèn)可度高的科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)做優(yōu)做強(qiáng)、發(fā)展壯大。

2018年11月5日，習(xí)近平主席在首屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)開幕式主旨演講中宣布：

將在上海證券交易所設(shè)立科創(chuàng)板并試點(diǎn)注冊(cè)制，支持上海國際金融中心和科技創(chuàng)新中心建設(shè)，不斷完善資本市場基礎(chǔ)制度。
We will launch a science and technology innovation board at the Shanghai Stock Exchange and experiment with a registration system for listed companies. We will also support Shanghai in cementing its position as an international financial center and a hub of science and innovation, and steadily improve the fundamental institutions of its capital market.

2019年1月30日，中國證監(jiān)會(huì)發(fā)布《關(guān)于在上海證券交易所設(shè)立科創(chuàng)板并試點(diǎn)注冊(cè)制的實(shí)施意見》，意見指出科創(chuàng)板將重點(diǎn)支持新一代信息技術(shù)（new generation information technology）、高端裝備（advanced equipment）、新材料（new materials）、新能源（new energy）、節(jié)能環(huán)保（energy conservation and environmental protection）以及生物醫(yī)藥（biomedicine）等高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)（high-tech and strategic emerging sectors）。

意見明確，在科創(chuàng)板試點(diǎn)注冊(cè)制（registration-based IPO mechanism），合理制定科創(chuàng)板股票發(fā)行條件（IPO qualifications）和更加全面深入精準(zhǔn)的信息披露規(guī)則體系（comprehensive and specific framework of rules for information disclosure）。上交所負(fù)責(zé)科創(chuàng)板發(fā)行上市審核（IPO screening），證監(jiān)會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)科創(chuàng)板股票發(fā)行注冊(cè)（IPO registration）。證監(jiān)會(huì)將加強(qiáng)對(duì)上交所審核工作的監(jiān)督，并強(qiáng)化新股發(fā)行上市事前事中事后全過程監(jiān)管（end-to-end supervision）。

As of June 10, the Shanghai Stock Exchange had handled 119 applications for IPOs on the sci-tech innovation board. Of all, 41 companies, or 34 percent, are in the field of new-generation information technology, 21 in the advanced equipment industry, 27 in biomedicine and 13 in new materials.
截止6月10日，上交所已經(jīng)收到了119個(gè)科創(chuàng)板上市申請(qǐng)，其中有41家企業(yè)（34%）來自新一代信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，21家來自高端裝備行業(yè)，27家來自生物制藥行業(yè)，還有13家來自新材料領(lǐng)域。

易會(huì)滿說，證監(jiān)會(huì)將會(huì)同市場各方，堅(jiān)持以增量改革帶動(dòng)存量改革，充分發(fā)揮科創(chuàng)板的改革試驗(yàn)田作用，形成可復(fù)制、可推廣的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以此帶動(dòng)資本市場全面深化改革（push forward sweeping reforms of the capital market），努力打造一個(gè)規(guī)范、透明、開放、有活力、有韌性的資本市場（build the capital market into a regulated, transparent and open one full of vigor and resilience）。

垃圾分類 garbage sorting

《上海市生活垃圾管理?xiàng)l例》將于7月1日正式開始實(shí)施。該條例在建立健全全程分類體系的同時(shí)，分設(shè)了促進(jìn)源頭減量和資源化處理專章，將管理范疇延伸到兩端，涵蓋了全鏈條。

According to the regulation, people are required to sort household garbage into four categories — dry garbage, wet garbage (kitchen waste), recyclables and hazardous waste — and individuals who fail to do so will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies and institutions, the fine can go up to 50,000 yuan. In addition, transport operators can refuse to pick up the garbage if it's not properly sorted.
根據(jù)條例規(guī)定，人們須將家中的垃圾按照干垃圾、濕垃圾（廚余垃圾）、可回收物以及有害垃圾這四個(gè)類別放置，如果個(gè)人沒有將垃圾分類投放最高罰款200元人民幣，單位混裝混運(yùn)最高罰款5萬元人民幣。此外，未經(jīng)分類的垃圾，收運(yùn)單位可以拒絕接收。

【單詞講解】

Garbage，rubbish， trash 和 waste 在英語里都有“垃圾、廢物”意思，它們的區(qū)別在于在哪個(gè)說英語的國家更常用。Garbage 是垃圾的美式英語說法；rubbish 是英式英語垃圾的意思；trash 也是美式英語垃圾的意思，但是它也可以用來指不值得尊重的人；waste 是一個(gè)正式用語，指沒有利用價(jià)值的東西，包括廢品、垃圾、廢物、廢料或者指時(shí)間、金錢、精力等的浪費(fèi)。

除了居民個(gè)人垃圾分類要求外，條例針對(duì)特定對(duì)象提出了強(qiáng)制性要求。

According to the regulation, if not requested by guests, hotels should not provide disposable slippers and shower caps, while restaurants and food delivery businesses should not provide disposable cutlery.
條例規(guī)定，旅館不得主動(dòng)提供拖鞋、浴帽等一次性日用品，餐飲服務(wù)提供者和餐飲配送服務(wù)提供者不得主動(dòng)提供一次性餐具。

Government and public institutions are not allowed to use disposable cups in the office and should give priority in purchasing products made from recycled materials.
黨政機(jī)關(guān)、事業(yè)單位內(nèi)部辦公場所不得使用一次性杯具，采購時(shí)應(yīng)優(yōu)先選擇由可回收材料制成的產(chǎn)品。

All the courier companies that operate in the city should use digital orders and environment friendly materials for packaging.
上海所有快遞企業(yè)都應(yīng)使用電子快遞單，使用環(huán)保材料包裝。

嫌每天給家里垃圾分類很麻煩？據(jù)說現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有上門代收垃圾服務(wù)（garbage pick-up service）了，市民在出門前將打好包的垃圾放在家門口（place their bagged household garbage at doorstep），每天上午定時(shí)都會(huì)有專人負(fù)責(zé)拿走，每次服務(wù)支付1元人民幣的費(fèi)用。

滬倫通 Shanghai-London Stock Connect

6月17日，中國證監(jiān)會(huì)和英國金融行為監(jiān)管局發(fā)布聯(lián)合公告，原則批準(zhǔn)上海證券交易所和倫敦證券交易所開展滬倫通業(yè)務(wù)，滬倫通正式啟動(dòng)。

Under the Shanghai-London Stock Connect mechanism, Shanghai-listed companies can list on the London Stock Exchange via Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) issuance, while British companies can issue China Depositary Receipts (CDRs) on the Shanghai Stock Exchange.
在滬倫通業(yè)務(wù)機(jī)制下，上海的上市公司可以通過全球存托憑證在倫敦證券交易所上市交易，英國的上市公司可以在上海證券交易所掛牌中國存托憑證。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

滬倫通（Shanghai-London Stock Connect），即上海證券交易所與倫敦證券交易所互聯(lián)互通機(jī)制（connectivity mechanism between the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange），符合條件的兩地上市公司可依照對(duì)方市場的法律法規(guī)發(fā)行存托憑證（Depositary Receipt，DR），并在對(duì)方市場上市交易。

存托憑證（Depositary Receipt，DR），指在一國證券市場流通的公司通過中間機(jī)構(gòu)(通常為一銀行，稱為保管銀行或受托銀行)在外國交易市場發(fā)行的有價(jià)證券的可轉(zhuǎn)讓憑證。存托憑證一般代表公司股票，但有時(shí)也代表債券。境外基礎(chǔ)證券發(fā)行人在中國境內(nèi)發(fā)行的存托憑證叫中國存托憑證（China Depositary Receipts，CDRs），境內(nèi)企業(yè)在境外發(fā)行的存托憑證叫全球存托憑證（Global Depositary Receipts，GDRs）。

A quota system has also been established for the cross-border conversion business in the early stages of the program, according to a joint announcement by the CSRC and the Financial Conduct Authority.
中國證監(jiān)會(huì)和英國金融行為監(jiān)管局的聯(lián)合公告指出，起步階段，對(duì)滬倫通跨境資金實(shí)行總額度管理。

Under the system, the quota for eastbound business is set at 250 billion yuan (about $36.26 billion ), while that for westbound business stands at 300 billion yuan.
其中，東向業(yè)務(wù)總額度為2500億元人民幣；西向業(yè)務(wù)總額度為3000億元人民幣。

投資者開通滬倫通權(quán)限須滿足：前20個(gè)交易日證券賬戶及資金賬戶內(nèi)的資產(chǎn)日均不低于人民幣300萬元。

作為連接中國和英國資本市場的橋梁，滬倫通源起于2015年9月舉行的第七次中英經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)金對(duì)話（the seventh China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue）。過去4年間，中英雙方都在為這座橋梁早日“通車”積極準(zhǔn)備。

The mechanism would be of far-reaching significance to expand channels for cross-border investment and fund-raising, boost the development of both countries' capital markets and encourage the building of Shanghai into an international financial hub, the CSRC said in a statement.
證監(jiān)會(huì)表示，啟動(dòng)滬倫通對(duì)拓寬雙向跨境投融資渠道，促進(jìn)中英兩國資本市場共同發(fā)展，助力上海國際金融中心建設(shè)，都將產(chǎn)生重要和深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

2014年和2016年，我國先后推出滬港通（Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect）和深港通（Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect），允許滬深和香港的投資者互相到對(duì)方市場直接買賣股票。

地震預(yù)警 earthquake early warning

據(jù)中國地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)正式測(cè)定：6月17日22時(shí)55分，四川省宜賓市長寧縣（北緯28.34度，東經(jīng)104.90度）發(fā)生6.0級(jí)地震，震源深度16千米。

In the provincial capital Chengdu, an early warning system alarmed the public through multiple broadcasting systems about one minute before the earthquake struck. The same system alerted residents in Yibin ten seconds before the quake hit.
省會(huì)成都在地震到達(dá)前約1分鐘的時(shí)候通過多個(gè)廣播渠道向民眾發(fā)出警示，宜賓地區(qū)則在地震到達(dá)前10秒發(fā)出預(yù)警。

地震預(yù)警四川省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任、成都高新減災(zāi)研究所所長王暾說：“地震預(yù)警不是預(yù)報(bào)（earthquake early warning is not an earthquake forecast），而是基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)（with advanced technology from the Internet of Things），利用電波比地震波快的原理（use the theory that radio waves travel faster than seismic waves），提前幾秒到幾十秒實(shí)現(xiàn)全自動(dòng)警報(bào)?！?/p>

Earthquake research has found that being aware of an earthquake three seconds beforehand can save 14 percent of casualties, 10 seconds can save 39 percent of casualties, and 20 seconds can save 63 percent of casualties.
地震研究表明，如果能在地震發(fā)生前3秒發(fā)出預(yù)警，傷亡人數(shù)可減少14%；提前10秒，將減少39%傷亡；提前20秒，可減少63%傷亡。

同時(shí)，在重要工程如化工、高鐵、地鐵等領(lǐng)域，可通過系統(tǒng)緊急處置減少經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和次生災(zāi)害（save economic losses and avoid secondary disasters）。

習(xí)金會(huì) Xi-Kim summit

6月20日，中共中央總書記、國家主席習(xí)近平在平壤錦繡山迎賓館同朝鮮勞動(dòng)黨委員長、國務(wù)委員會(huì)委員長金正恩會(huì)談。

The top leaders of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) agreed Thursday that the two countries should stay true to their original aspirations and join hands to create a bright future of inter-party and inter-state relations at a new starting point in history.
雙方一致同意，在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上，中朝雙方愿不忘初心、攜手前進(jìn)，共同開創(chuàng)兩黨兩國關(guān)系的美好未來。

By reviewing the development of China-DPRK relations, an insightful conclusion can be drawn that it is the essential attribute of the relationship that both are socialist countries adhering to the leadership of a Communist party, Xi stressed.
習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，回顧中朝關(guān)系歷程，可以深刻認(rèn)識(shí)到：堅(jiān)持共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的社會(huì)主義國家是中朝關(guān)系的本質(zhì)屬性。

Shared ideals, beliefs and goals are the driving force of the relationship, the continuous friendship between and strategic guidance by top leaders are the greatest strength, and the geographical proximity and cultural affinity offer a sturdy bond, he added.
共同的理想信念和奮斗目標(biāo)是中朝關(guān)系的前進(jìn)動(dòng)力；最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的友誼傳承和戰(zhàn)略引領(lǐng)是中朝關(guān)系的最大優(yōu)勢(shì)；地緣相親和文緣相通是中朝關(guān)系的牢固紐帶。

The China-DPRK friendship is a strategic choice made by the two sides with a long-term and overall perspective and will not waver due to changes in the international situation, Xi said, adding that the friendship accords with the aspirations of both peoples, the fundamental interests of both countries and the development trend of the times.
我們堅(jiān)信，中朝友誼符合兩國人民心愿，符合兩國根本利益，符合時(shí)代發(fā)展潮流，也是雙方著眼長遠(yuǎn)大局作出的戰(zhàn)略選擇，不會(huì)因國際風(fēng)云變幻而動(dòng)搖。

Noting that China-DPRK ties have now entered a new historical period, Xi said that the CPC and the Chinese government attach great importance to the friendly and cooperative relations between the two countries, and that it is a steadfast policy of the CPC and the Chinese government to maintain, consolidate and develop China-DPRK relations.
習(xí)近平表示，當(dāng)前，中朝關(guān)系已經(jīng)進(jìn)入新的歷史時(shí)期。中國黨和政府高度重視中朝友好合作關(guān)系，維護(hù)好、鞏固好、發(fā)展好中朝關(guān)系，始終是中國黨和政府堅(jiān)定不移的方針。

In face of the profound and complex changes on the global and regional landscapes, China and the DPRK should strengthen high-level contact to guide the development of China-DPRK relations, Xi said, adding that he is ready to maintain close exchanges with Kim to consolidate mutual political trust and hold firmly the general direction of bilateral relations.
面對(duì)國際和地區(qū)形勢(shì)深刻復(fù)雜演變，雙方要加強(qiáng)高層交往，為中朝關(guān)系發(fā)展引領(lǐng)航向。我愿意同金正恩委員長保持密切交往，鞏固政治互信，牢牢把握中朝關(guān)系發(fā)展大方向。

The two sides, Xi said, should deepen strategic communication and exchange views on major issues in an in-depth and timely manner, so as to create a favorable environment for the development of both countries.
雙方要加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略溝通，及時(shí)就重大問題深入交換意見，為兩國發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好環(huán)境。

He also suggested that the two sides expand practical cooperation to bring more benefits to both peoples.
雙方要拓展務(wù)實(shí)合作，為兩國人民帶來更大福祉。

China, he said, is ready to work with the DPRK to continue to implement the plan for commemorating the 70th anniversary of diplomatic ties, and conduct exchanges and cooperation in such fields as education, health, sports, media and youth as well as at local levels, so as to carry forward the traditional China-DPRK friendship and improve the well-being of both peoples.
中方愿同朝方繼續(xù)落實(shí)好建交70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)方案，開展教育、衛(wèi)生、體育、媒體、青年、地方等領(lǐng)域交流合作，弘揚(yáng)中朝傳統(tǒng)友誼，增進(jìn)兩國人民福祉。

On the Korean Peninsula issue, Xi reaffirmed China's support for efforts to push forward the political settlement process and build up conditions for its resolution.
在朝鮮半島問題上，習(xí)近平重申，中方支持推進(jìn)半島問題政治解決進(jìn)程，為解決問題積累和創(chuàng)造條件。

Xi spoke highly of the DPRK's efforts to safeguard peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and promote the denuclearization of the peninsula.
習(xí)近平積極評(píng)價(jià)朝方為維護(hù)半島和平穩(wěn)定、推動(dòng)半島無核化作出的努力。

China, Xi said, is willing to provide assistance within its capacity for the DPRK to address its legitimate security and development concerns, strengthen coordination and cooperation with the DPRK as well as other relevant parties, and play a positive and constructive role in achieving denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and long-term stability in the region.
中方愿為朝方解決自身合理安全和發(fā)展關(guān)切提供力所能及的幫助，愿同朝方及有關(guān)各方加強(qiáng)協(xié)調(diào)和配合，為實(shí)現(xiàn)半島無核化和地區(qū)長治久安發(fā)揮積極建設(shè)性作用。

For his part, Kim said that over the past year, the DPRK has taken many active measures to avoid tensions and control the situation on the Korean Peninsula, but has not received positive responses from the party concerned, which the DPRK does not want to see.
金正恩表示過去一年多來，朝方為避免局勢(shì)緊張、管控半島局勢(shì)，采取了許多積極舉措，但沒有得到有關(guān)方的積極回應(yīng)，這是朝方不愿意看到的。

The DPRK is willing to stay patient, and hopes that the relevant party will work with the DPRK to seek solutions that accommodate each other's legitimate concerns and push for results from the dialogue process, Kim said.
朝方愿保持耐心，同時(shí)希望有關(guān)方同朝方相向而行，探索符合各自合理關(guān)切的解決方案，推動(dòng)半島問題有關(guān)對(duì)話進(jìn)程取得成果。

The DPRK highly appreciates the important role played by China in solving the Korean Peninsula issue, he said, adding that his country is ready to continue to strengthen communication and coordination with China to strive for new progress in the political settlement of the issue and safeguard peace and stability on the peninsula.
朝方高度評(píng)價(jià)中方在半島問題解決過程中發(fā)揮的重要作用，愿繼續(xù)同中方加強(qiáng)溝通和協(xié)調(diào)，努力推動(dòng)半島問題政治解決取得新進(jìn)展，維護(hù)半島和平與穩(wěn)定。