見(jiàn)過(guò)排隊(duì)逛世園會(huì)，排隊(duì)進(jìn)迪士尼樂(lè)園，但你見(jiàn)過(guò)排隊(duì)登頂珠穆朗瑪峰嗎？

這張照片拍攝于世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰上，圖中300多名登山客在海拔8000米、有著“死亡區(qū)”之稱(chēng)的地帶排隊(duì)等待登頂。

這張照片引人震驚的同時(shí)也讓不少網(wǎng)友發(fā)出呼聲：或許珠峰也需要裝上紅綠燈了。

據(jù)尼泊爾最大的英文媒體Himalayan Times報(bào)道，今年春天以來(lái)，隨著天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖，涌現(xiàn)了大量的登山者，導(dǎo)致登頂路線(xiàn)擁堵，目前已有14人在擁堵期間喪命。

Kevin Hynes, 56, from Ireland, died in his tent at 7,000 meters early on Friday, having turned back before reaching the summit. The father of two was part of a group from the UK-based 360 Expeditions.

來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭的56歲男子凱文·海因斯于上周五凌晨在海拔7000米高的帳篷中去世，他在到達(dá)峰頂前折返。這位兩個(gè)孩子的父親是英國(guó)360探險(xiǎn)公司團(tuán)隊(duì)的一員。

The climbing company said: “It is with the greatest sadness that we have to confirm that one of our Mount Qomolangma team has passed away. Kevin was one of the strongest and most experienced climbers on our team, and had previously summited Mount Qomolangma South and Lhotse.”

這家登山公司表示：“我們非常悲痛地確認(rèn)，我們的珠穆朗瑪峰登山隊(duì)成員之一已經(jīng)去世。凱文是我們隊(duì)里最強(qiáng)壯、最有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的攀登者之一，并曾登頂珠穆朗瑪峰南坡和洛子峰。

Hynes had been accompanied by an experienced Sherpa, who had himself climbed to the summit of Mount Qomolangma South twice, Mount Qomolangma North and Makalu twice, according to 360 Expeditions.

公司表示，一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的夏爾巴人陪同海因斯登山，這位夏爾巴人曾兩次親自登頂珠峰南坡，并曾兩次登頂珠峰北坡和馬卡魯峰。

Sherpa：n.夏爾巴人（散居在喜馬拉雅山兩側(cè)，主要在尼泊爾，少數(shù)散居于中國(guó)、印度和不丹）

His death came a week after the Trinity College professor Seamus Lawless, from County Wicklow, fell during the descent after achieving a lifetime ambition of reaching the summit.

一周前，來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭威克洛郡的劍橋大學(xué)三一學(xué)院教授西莫·勞利斯在下山途中墜落，此前他實(shí)現(xiàn)了登頂珠峰的畢生抱負(fù)。

另?yè)?jù)英國(guó)廣播公司報(bào)道， 僅23日就有3名登山者在珠峰喪生，他們分別是55歲美國(guó)男子卡什（Donald Lynn Cash），52歲的印度人達(dá)斯（Kalpana Das）和27歲的印度人巴格萬(wàn)（Nihal Bagwan）。

Overcrowding and safety have been a growing cause for concern in recent years, not least since the emergence of cut-price Nepali trekking companies that offer Mount Qomolangma packages for half the price of trips organized by foreign companies.

近年來(lái)，過(guò)度擁擠和安全問(wèn)題日益引起人們的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，尤其是在尼泊爾出現(xiàn)降價(jià)登山公司之后，這些公司提供的登峰套餐價(jià)格只有外國(guó)公司攀登活動(dòng)的一半。

The deaths occurred despite Nepal’s tourism authorities instituting, but not implementing, plans to timetable ascents to avoid congestion.

盡管尼泊爾旅游部門(mén)為了避免擁擠制定了攀登時(shí)間計(jì)劃，但沒(méi)有實(shí)施，最終導(dǎo)致了死亡事件。

珠峰因何如此“擁擠”？

如果你想象珠穆朗瑪峰峰頂?shù)木跋?，也許腦海中出現(xiàn)的是一座遠(yuǎn)離塵囂的靜謐雪峰。然而實(shí)際情況可能是摩肩接踵，人滿(mǎn)為患。

This season’s summit crowds – the worst since 2012 – had been exacerbated by unsettled weather which meant there had been only five possible summit days in May so far, compared with between seven and 12 in recent years. This had caused hundreds of climbers to converge on several notorious sections where they can only pass one at a time.

今年的峰頂擁擠是2012年以來(lái)最糟糕的，而不穩(wěn)定的天氣加劇了這一情況，到目前為止，今年5月只有5天適宜登頂，而在近些年，這一天數(shù)在7到12天之間。這導(dǎo)致數(shù)百名登山者聚集在幾個(gè)以擁擠著稱(chēng)的路段，一次只能通過(guò)一人。

排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)“很常見(jiàn)”

向?qū)дf(shuō)，登山季節(jié)經(jīng)常發(fā)生排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)的情況。

"It's normally that crowded," says Mingma Sherpa, chairman of Seven Summits Treks, adding that climbers sometimes queue between 20 minutes, and 1.5 hours, in order to reach the summit.

“七峰之旅”的董事長(zhǎng)夏爾巴人明馬說(shuō)：“擁擠的情況很常見(jiàn)”。為了登頂，登山者有時(shí)要排隊(duì)等候20分鐘至1個(gè)半小時(shí)。

It often depends on how long the window for suitable climbing weather is.

通常這要看適合登山的天氣能持續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

"If there's one week [of safe weather], then the summit isn't crowded. But sometimes, when there's only a window of two or three days, it gets very crowded" as all the climbers try to reach the summit at the same time, Mingma Sherpa tells the BBC.

明馬告訴英國(guó)廣播公司說(shuō)：“如果適宜天氣有一周之久，人流就比較分散，但有時(shí)候登山窗口期只有兩三天，就會(huì)十分擁擠”，因?yàn)槎枷胪瑫r(shí)上山。

“大塞車(chē)”為哪般

Experts say crowds at Mount Qomolangma have also increased in recent years because expeditions have become more popular.

專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為近年來(lái)攀登珠峰的人群增加，是因?yàn)樘诫U(xiǎn)活動(dòng)日趨流行。

Nepal has issued 381 permits at $11,000 each for the spring climbing season at the world's highest peak.

在春季的登山高峰期，尼泊爾已經(jīng)發(fā)放了381張?jiān)S可證，每張證11000美元（約合人民幣75900元）。

Andrea Ursina Zimmerman, an expedition guide who reached Mount Qomolangma's peak in 2016, says that many "traffic jams" are caused by unprepared climbers who "do not have the physical condition" for the journey.

2016年曾登上珠峰山頂?shù)奶诫U(xiǎn)向?qū)О驳铝覌I·尤拉西納·齊默爾曼說(shuō)，很多“擁堵”是因?yàn)榈巧秸邷?zhǔn)備不足造成的，他們不具備登山的“身體條件”。

據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，導(dǎo)致珠峰擁堵及人員死亡的原因并不是雪崩等自然災(zāi)害，而是因?yàn)榈巧降娜颂嗔?，而且大部分都是沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的新手：

The problem hasn’t been avalanches, blizzards or high winds. Veteran climbers and industry leaders blame having too many people on the mountain, in general, and too many inexperienced climbers, in particular.

導(dǎo)致?lián)矶碌脑虿皇茄┍?、暴雪或者?qiáng)風(fēng)。資深登山客以及業(yè)內(nèi)領(lǐng)袖將其歸咎于登山的人太多了，而且很多人都是沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的登山者。

Fly-by-night adventure companies are taking up untrained climbers who pose a risk to everyone on the mountain. And the Nepalese government, hungry for every climbing dollar it can get, has issued more permits than Qomolangma can safely handle, some experienced mountaineers say.

一些不負(fù)責(zé)任的探險(xiǎn)公司把未經(jīng)培訓(xùn)的登山者送上山，這些人對(duì)大家都會(huì)構(gòu)成威脅。一些資深登山客表示，尼泊爾政府急于從登山項(xiàng)目中牟利，發(fā)出的登山許可證數(shù)量已超出了珠峰可以承受的范圍。

fly-by-night: 不負(fù)責(zé)任的

上山不易下山難

Norbu Sherpa has reached the summit seven times. He adds that the most dangerous part is often the descent.

夏爾巴人諾布曾7次登上峰頂。他還說(shuō)最危險(xiǎn)的部分往往是下山。

A lot of people push themselves to the summit, but, once they reach it, "lose their motivation and energy on the way down", especially when they realize it's a long, crowded journey.

很多人竭盡全力登上了山頂，但一旦登了頂，“下山時(shí)就失去動(dòng)力和體力了”，特別是他們意識(shí)到下山路途遙遠(yuǎn)且擁擠不堪時(shí)。

尼泊爾旅游局否認(rèn)“過(guò)度擁擠”導(dǎo)致死亡發(fā)生

Nepal's tourism authority has denied accusations that the rise in Mount Qomolangma deaths is solely due to overcrowding.

尼泊爾旅游局否認(rèn)了有關(guān)珠穆朗瑪峰死亡人數(shù)上升完全是因?yàn)檫^(guò)度擁擠的指責(zé)。

The department's director general Dandu Raj Ghimire said other factors including adverse weather conditions had also contributed.

旅游局局長(zhǎng)丹杜·拉吉·吉米爾表示，惡劣的天氣條件等其他因素也是導(dǎo)致?lián)頂D的原因。

Mr Ghimire said 381 people had ascended Mount Qomolangma this spring but as periods of fine weather had been short, the number of people on the routes had been "higher than expected".

吉米爾表示，今年春天已有381人登上珠穆朗瑪峰，但由于好天氣持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，這條線(xiàn)路上的人數(shù)“高于預(yù)期”。

"The weather has not been very great this climbing season, so when there is a small window when the weather clears up, climbers make the move," Ghimire said.

吉米爾說(shuō):“這個(gè)登山季節(jié)的天氣不是很好，所以當(dāng)天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴時(shí)，出現(xiàn)短暫的登山窗口期，登山者就會(huì)采取行動(dòng)?！?/p>

"On May 22, after several days of bad weather, there was a small window of clear weather, when more than 200 mountaineers ascended Mount Qomolangma. The main cause of deaths on Mount Qomolangma has been high altitude sickness which is what happened with most of the climbers who lost their lives this season as well."

“5月22日那天，在幾天惡劣天氣過(guò)去之后，有幾天天氣放晴，200多名登山者攀登珠峰。珠峰攀登者死亡的主要原因是高原反應(yīng)，過(guò)去在這個(gè)季節(jié)登山，大多數(shù)死亡的攀登者也是因此喪生?！?/p>

high altitude sickness：高原病、高原反應(yīng)

來(lái)源：衛(wèi)報(bào)、BBC、CNN、紐約時(shí)報(bào)、參考消息網(wǎng)、環(huán)球網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：許雅寧