On May 2, 1519, Leonardo da Vinci passed away in France. Three years ago, the Renaissance man, 65, left Italy — and never to return — for France upon King Francis I's invitation.500年前的5月2日，達?芬奇在法國去世。在那的三年前，已經(jīng)65歲的達?芬奇離開意大利，應(yīng)法國國王弗朗索瓦一世的邀請來到法蘭西。此后直到去世，這位文藝復(fù)興巨匠再未回到家鄉(xiāng)。

Today, people in Europe are marking the 500th anniversary of Leonardo's death by staging a series of events throughout the year.
今年，歐洲在用一整年的時間、舉辦一系列的活動來紀念達?芬奇逝世500周年。

In Leonardo's birth town of Vinci, a lock of hair that historians claimed could belong to the genius is on display.

達?芬奇出生在位于意大利中部、托斯卡尼地區(qū)的小鎮(zhèn)芬奇。達?芬奇的名字在意大利語里的意思就是“來自芬奇的萊昂納多”。此刻在這里舉辦的紀念活動中，有一縷頭發(fā)在各種展示品中顯得那么特別——據(jù)說，這是達?芬奇的一撮頭發(fā)。

Two Italian historians, Alessandro Vezzosi and Agnese Sabato, said they discovered the hair strand in a private collection in the United States, and they expected to soon perform DNA tests on it.
兩位意大利的歷史學(xué)家亞歷桑德羅?韋佐西和安尼斯?薩巴托聲稱他們在一個美國的私人收藏中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這縷頭發(fā)，他們希望能盡快對頭發(fā)開展DNA測試。

They said they would compare the analysis to that of the living descendants of Leonardo's half brother they identified in 2016. (Leonardo didn't marry, nor did he father a child.)達?芬奇一生沒有結(jié)婚、沒有留下子嗣。在2016年，這兩位史學(xué)家說他們找到了達?芬奇同父異母弟弟的后代，因此他們可以將頭發(fā)的DNA分析結(jié)果和這些后裔的進行比對。

Also, they would compare to Leonardo's presumed remains buried in Amboise, France.
在法國的昂布瓦斯有一座據(jù)說是達?芬奇的墓地；所以他們也會和墓穴中的遺骨進行比對。

But other historians and scientists are skeptical, saying it is difficult to trace Leonardo's unbroken family tree and the DNA might have been contaminated.
但其他歷史學(xué)家和科學(xué)家對此表示懷疑。他們認為首先很難保證達?芬奇家族的譜系在這500多年中沒有發(fā)生中斷，而且頭發(fā)的DNA也有可能遭到破壞。

Also, Leonardo's original burial place was destroyed during the French Revolution, and his bones being removed to the current tomb are more of a presumption.
還有就是達?芬奇死后，他最初被埋葬的地方在法國大革命期間遭到了破壞，據(jù)說他的遺骨被移到了現(xiàn)在的墓地，但這更多的被認為是一種假設(shè)。

Whatever the result will be, the alleged discovery of hair simply makes an addition to the never-stopping craze for Leonardo.
無論結(jié)果如何，這縷被打上了達?芬奇標簽的頭發(fā)再次證明了世人對于這位大師未曾停止的狂熱。

If you plan for a journey to Europe, make sure you don't miss these remembrance activities and exhibitions. The Louvre will hold a grand exhibition, Leonardo da Vinci, from Oct 24 to Feb 24, 2020.
如果你今年有計劃去歐洲，別錯過了這些豐富多彩的紀念活動和展覽哦。比如盧浮宮已經(jīng)宣布了他們的《萊昂納多?達?芬奇》大展，從10月24號持續(xù)到明年的2月24號。

Or, you may now visit Central Academy of Fine Arts where 17 high-definition reproductions of Leonardo's oil paintings are shown inside a gallery.
或者你也可以先到中央美院的《不可能的相遇》展廊里，一睹17件高清晰的達?芬奇油畫復(fù)制品。這是意大利使館為配合紀念活動在中國推出的一個公共教育項目。

No more than 20 paintings in existence are attributed to Leonardo. The Louvre owns five and one believed a co-work by Leonardo and his students。
目前已知是達?芬奇的畫作不超過20件，而盧浮宮就擁有其中的5幅，還有一幅認為是達?芬奇和弟子合作的作品。

The reproductions of all these six pieces are on show at CAFA.
在央美展出的復(fù)制品就囊括了這6件畫作。

You may wonder why and how the Louvre becomes the largest holding of Leonardo's paintings, as well as 22 drawings.
你可能會問，盧浮宮如何得到的這6幅畫、從而成為收藏達?芬奇畫作最多的機構(gòu)呢？此外他們還收藏了達?芬奇的22件素描。

During his service at the French court, Leonardo was treated with esteem, honor and freedom to creation by the young French king, an avid sponsor of art and admirer of Italian Renaissance artists. He resided at a chateau called Cloux (now Clos Lucé), not far from the king's summer palace. He enjoyed the title of "First Painter, Architect, and Engineer to the King".
在達?芬奇開始他為法國宮廷的服務(wù)后，這位大師感受到的是來自他年輕的雇主、法國國王極大的禮遇。弗朗索瓦一世本人對藝術(shù)和收藏充滿熱情，他尤其是意大利文藝復(fù)興時期藝術(shù)家的大“迷弟”。他給予達?芬奇崇高的榮譽和自由創(chuàng)作的空間。他安排自己的“愛豆”住在離他的夏宮不遠的克魯城堡（今天已改名為克洛-呂斯城堡），他授予達?芬奇“國王的首席畫家、建筑家和工程師”的頭銜。

It is said that Leonardo went across the mountains of Alps, on mule, to reach central France, bringing with him unfinished artworks. At Cloux the artist spent the last years of his life drawing inventions on his sketchbooks, designing the king's gardens and adding finishing strokes to some of his great pieces of work, including the Mona Lisa.
據(jù)說當年達?芬奇騎著騾子、翻越阿爾卑斯山抵達法國中部，他隨身攜帶了自己未完成的畫作。達?芬奇在克魯城堡度過了生命最后的時光，他在素描本上描繪那些超越時代的發(fā)明設(shè)計稿，為國王設(shè)計宮殿花園，完成之前拖延已久的畫，包括《蒙娜麗莎》。

The friendship between Leonardo and King Francis I was later hailed in The Death of Leonardo da Vinci in the Arms of Francis I, an 1818 painting by French painter Jean-August-Dominique Ingres.
弗朗索瓦一世比達?芬奇小42歲，后來，安格爾在這幅《達?芬奇在弗朗索瓦一世懷中去世》里就盡情刻畫了二者間的這段忘年交。

Ingres envisaged in a poetic and romanticized way the scene of the master artist's last moment and the king collecting his last words.
安格爾用一種充滿詩意和浪漫的想象，描繪了巨匠最后的時刻、國王傾身凝聽他的遺言。

In fact, Francis I was at the front lines when Leonardo died.
之所以說安格爾添油加醋完成了這幅作品，是因為達?芬奇去世的時候，弗朗索瓦一世還在前線指揮戰(zhàn)事。

After Leonardo's death, the king purchased from Salai, the painter's assistant and heir to his legacies, the paintings which now become the Louvre's collections.
達?芬奇去世后，他最親密的助手沙萊成為遺產(chǎn)繼承人；弗朗索瓦一世就向他買下了達?芬奇的遺作，這些畫作后來就成為盧浮宮的館藏。

Courtesy of the Art Museum of Central Academy of Fine Arts
圖片致謝中央美術(shù)學(xué)院美術(shù)館

Have a nice weekend！

來源：China Daily 微信公眾號