各位吃貨們，再給大家一個(gè)享用西班牙美食的理由：在最新發(fā)布的健康國(guó)家排行中，西班牙位居第一。研究顯示，這與其地中海飲食有關(guān)。中國(guó)排在52位，比之前上升了3個(gè)位次。

Maybe it’s something in the gazpacho or paella, as Spain just surpassed Italy to become the world’s healthiest country.

也許是西班牙冷湯或什錦飯中的某種東西起了作用，西班牙剛剛超過(guò)意大利，成為了世界上健康狀況最好的國(guó)家。

gazpacho [g?s'p?t???]：n.西班牙涼菜湯

paella [pa?'el?]：n.西班牙肉菜飯

That’s according to the 2019 edition of the Bloomberg Healthiest Country Index, which ranks 169 economies according to factors that contribute to overall health. Spain placed sixth in the previous gauge, published in 2017.

這個(gè)結(jié)論來(lái)自于2019年彭博社的最健康國(guó)家指數(shù)排行榜。該指數(shù)根據(jù)與整體健康狀況相關(guān)的多種因素，對(duì)169個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體進(jìn)行了排名。在2017年發(fā)布的指數(shù)排行榜中，西班牙位列第六。

Four additional European nations were among the top 10 in 2019: Iceland (third place), Switzerland (fifth), Sweden (sixth) and Norway (ninth). Japan was the healthiest Asian nation, jumping three places from the 2017 survey into fourth and replacing Singapore, which dropped to eighth. Australia and Israel rounded out the top 10 at seventh and 10th place.

2019年，還有其他4個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家位列前10：冰島（第3位）、瑞士（第5位）、瑞典（第6位）和挪威（第9位）。日本是亞洲最健康的國(guó)家，比2017年提升了3個(gè)位次，取代新加坡成為第4名，而后者則跌到了第8位。澳大利亞和以色列分別排在第7位和第10位。

全球最健康國(guó)家

The index grades nations based on variables including life expectancy while imposing penalties on risks such as tobacco use and obesity. It also takes into consideration environmental factors including access to clean water and sanitation.

排行榜根據(jù)預(yù)期壽命等變量對(duì)國(guó)家進(jìn)行打分，同時(shí)根據(jù)煙草使用和肥胖等因素扣分。排行同時(shí)還考慮了環(huán)境等其他因素，包括清潔水和衛(wèi)生狀況等。

Spain has the highest life expectancy at birth among European Union nations, and trails only Japan and Switzerland globally, United Nations data show. Spain by 2040 is forecast to have the highest lifespan, at almost 86 years, followed by Japan, Singapore and Switzerland, according to the University of Washington’s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

聯(lián)合國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在歐盟國(guó)家中，西班牙的出生時(shí)預(yù)期壽命最長(zhǎng)，在全球僅次于日本和瑞士。據(jù)華盛頓大學(xué)衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)估研究所研究，預(yù)計(jì)到2040年，西班牙將成為全球壽命最長(zhǎng)的國(guó)家——接近86歲。日本、新加坡和瑞士排在其后。

"Primary care is essentially provided by public providers, specialized family doctors and staff nurses, who provide preventive services to children, women and elderly patients, and acute and chronic care," according to the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies 2018 review of Spain, noting a decline the past decade in cardiovascular diseases and deaths from cancer.

根據(jù)《歐洲健康體系和政策觀(guān)察》2018年對(duì)西班牙的評(píng)價(jià)，“基層醫(yī)療主要由政府部門(mén)、專(zhuān)門(mén)的家庭醫(yī)生和護(hù)理人員提供，他們?yōu)閮和D女、老年患者提供服務(wù)，治療各種急慢性病癥”。該評(píng)價(jià)指出，在過(guò)去10年間，西班牙的心血管疾病及癌癥死亡率出現(xiàn)下降。

飲食習(xí)慣

Researchers say eating habits may provide clues to health levels enjoyed by Spain and Italy, as a “Mediterranean diet, supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts, had a lower rate of major cardiovascular events than those assigned to a reduced-fat diet,” according to a study led by the University of Navarra Medical School.

西班牙納瓦拉醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究顯示，關(guān)于西班牙和意大利的健康指數(shù)“居高不下”的原因，他們的飲食習(xí)慣或許提供了一些線(xiàn)索。因?yàn)椤氨绕鸬椭嬍?，配有初榨橄欖油和?jiān)果作為補(bǔ)充的地中海飲食導(dǎo)致重大心血管疾病的幾率較低”。

Meanwhile in North America, Canada’s 16th-place ranking far surpassed the US and Mexico, both of which dropped slightly to 35th and 53rd. Life expectancy in the US has been trending lower due to deaths from drug overdoses and suicides.

在北美洲，加拿大排在第16位，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了美國(guó)和墨西哥。后兩者的位次略微下跌，分別排在第35位和第53位。因?yàn)檫^(guò)量用藥和自殺導(dǎo)致的死亡，美國(guó)的預(yù)期壽命一直較低。

Cuba placed five spots above the US, making it the only nation not classified as "high income" by the World Bank to be ranked that high. One reason for the island nation’s success may be its emphasis on preventative care over the US focus on diagnosing and treating illness, the American Bar Association Health Law Section said in a report last year.

古巴比美國(guó)靠前5個(gè)位次，這使得它成為唯一一個(gè)未被世界銀行歸為“高收入”、排名卻如此靠前的國(guó)家。美國(guó)律師協(xié)會(huì)健康法部門(mén)去年表示，比起美國(guó)對(duì)診斷和治療疾病的重視，古巴更重視預(yù)防保健，這或許是其排名靠前的原因之一。

South Korea improved seven spots to 17th while China, home to 1.3 billion people, rose three places to 52nd. Life expectancy in China is on track to surpass the US by 2040, according to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

韓國(guó)排在第17位，比之前上升了7位。而擁有13億人口的中國(guó)排在52位，比之前上升3位。衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)估研究所稱(chēng)，中國(guó)的預(yù)期壽命將在2040年前超過(guò)美國(guó)。

Sub-Saharan economies accounted for 27 of the 30 unhealthiest nations in the ranking. Haiti, Afghanistan and Yemen were the others. Mauritius was the healthiest in Sub-Sahara, placing 74th globally as it had the lowest death rate by communicable diseases in a region still marred by infectious mortality.

在最不健康的30個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體中，有27個(gè)來(lái)自撒哈拉以南非洲。其余三個(gè)分別是海地、阿富汗和也門(mén)。毛里求斯是撒哈拉以南非洲最健康的國(guó)家，在全球排名第74位。在傳染病盛行的撒哈拉以南非洲地區(qū)，毛里求斯的傳染病致死率最低。

來(lái)源：彭博社、參考消息網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：yaning