>Stress shrinks the brain
中年壓力會使大腦萎縮
Stress in middle age can make your brain shrink and your memory worse, scientists have discovered. In a Harvard Medical School study, the brain-reducing effects of stress were found to be triggered by cortisol. High levels of the stress hormone may be an early warning sign a person may end up with dementia, the research suggests. Stress also made people's thinking skills worse, the study found. "So it's important for people to find ways to reduce stress, such as getting enough sleep, engaging in moderate exercise, incorporating relaxation techniques into their daily lives, or asking their doctor about their cortisol levels and taking a cortisol-reducing medication if needed," Dr Justin Echouffo-Tcheugui said.
科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，中年壓力會讓人的大腦萎縮且記憶力變差。壓力令大腦萎縮這一影響被發(fā)現(xiàn)是由皮質(zhì)醇引發(fā)的。研究表明，這種壓力荷爾蒙的水平高可能是一個早期預(yù)警信號，表明某人可能最終會患上癡呆癥。哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，壓力還造成人們的思維技能變差。賈斯廷?埃舒福-楚吉博士表示："因此找到減輕壓力的方法對人們來說很重要，比如獲得充分睡眠，適度鍛煉，把放松技巧融入日常生活，或向醫(yī)生詢問自己的皮質(zhì)醇水平，如有必要，服用降低皮質(zhì)醇水平的藥物。"

>Shyness costs garden big
'恐外'售票員'贈'數(shù)萬門票
An attendant at a popular garden in the heart of Tokyo has cost the facility tens of millions of yen because he was "too frightened" to ask foreign visitors to pay the admission fee. The attendant, who is in his early 70s, admitted failing to collect the fees for the Shinjuku Gyoen national garden after an investigation was launched following a tip from another employee. The unnamed man, who has since retired, reportedly said he had stopped collecting admission fees from foreigners of 200 yen for adults and 50 yen for children in April 2014, and continued to allow foreign visitors free of charge for two and a half years after. As a result an estimated 160,000 people entered the garden without paying. The environment ministry, which manages the garden, said this week it had lost at least 25 million yen as a result. Local reports said the man told ministry investigators being yelled at by a non-Japanese visitor years ago made him scared of overseas guests.
東京市中心一處熱門公園的一名售票員因"太害怕"開口向外國游客收取門票費，導(dǎo)致公園損失數(shù)千萬日元。新宿御苑國家公園的另一名員工告發(fā)此事后，有關(guān)部門展開調(diào)查，最后這位70歲出頭的售票員承認自己沒有收取門票錢。這位未具名的售票員事發(fā)后就退休了。據(jù)報道，他2014年4月就開始停止向外國成人和小孩收取門票費，該公園的成人票價是200日元(約合人民幣12元)，兒童票價是50日元，自那以后約有兩年半時間，他一直讓外國游客免費進入。由此導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是，估計有16萬游客在此期間免費入園。管理該公園的日本環(huán)境省本周表示，由此造成的損失至少有2500萬日元。當?shù)貓蟮婪Q，這名售票員告訴環(huán)境省調(diào)查員說，多年前曾有一名外國游客沖他大吼大叫，這令他害怕外國游客。

>Standing up burns calories
站立辦公能每年減重7斤
Office workers could lose almost 3 kg a year simply by standing at their desks, new research suggests. An international study of more than 1,000 men and women found standing instead of sitting for six hours a day burned an extra 54 calories daily - resulting in significant weight loss. The research, published in the "European Journal of Preventive Cardiology", found standing burned almost twice as many calories in men compared with women,due to a higher average muscle mass.
最新研究顯示，辦公室員工只要站立辦公，每年就能減重近3公斤)。這項針對一千多名男性與女性的國際調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，與坐著辦公相比，每天站立辦公六小時可以多燃燒54卡路里，能有效減重。這份發(fā)表在《歐洲預(yù)防心臟病學(xué)期刊》上的研究報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于肌肉更發(fā)達，男性站立辦公燃燒的卡路里數(shù)量是女性的兩倍。

>Food alters cancer spread
食物影響癌癥生長轉(zhuǎn)移
There is mounting evidence the food on your plate can alter cancer's growth and spread, Cambridge scientists say. Animal research, published in the journal Nature, showed breast tumors struggled without the dietary nutrient asparagine. This ingredient is found in foodies' favorite asparagus, as well as poultry, seafood and many other foods. In the future, scientists hope to take advantage of cancer's "culinary addictions" to improve treatment.
劍橋的科學(xué)家稱，有越來越多的證據(jù)顯示，人們的盤中餐可以影響癌癥的生長和轉(zhuǎn)移。發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的動物實驗顯示，如果乳腺腫瘤沒有天冬酰胺這一營養(yǎng)成分就很難生長。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，美食家最為青睞的蘆筍，禽類、海鮮以及許多其它食品中都含有天冬酰胺?？茖W(xué)家希望未來能夠利用癌癥的"食物偏好"來改善治療。

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