一周熱詞榜(8.25-31)
CHINADAILY手機(jī)報(bào) 2018-09-01 08:30
一周新聞熱詞榜,一網(wǎng)打盡trending news。
本周的新聞熱詞有:
1.'養(yǎng)老支出'納入個(gè)稅抵扣
2.'消費(fèi)降級(jí)'說(shuō)法引發(fā)熱議
3.滴滴已下線'順風(fēng)車業(yè)務(wù)'
4.亞運(yùn)'電競(jìng)'中國(guó)獲2金1銀
5.華住酒店'客戶信息'泄露
1. 養(yǎng)老支出
expenditures on caring for the elderly
請(qǐng)看例句:
The draft amendment to the individual income tax law, which was submitted for a second reading at the National People's Congress Standing Committee on Monday, adds special additional deduction for expenditures on caring for the elderly, children's education, continuing education, treatment for serious diseases, as well as housing loan interest and rent.
27日,個(gè)人所得稅法修正案草案提交全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)二次審議。草案將贍養(yǎng)老人、子女教育、繼續(xù)教育、大病醫(yī)療、住房貸款利息和住房租金的支出納入專項(xiàng)附加扣除。
27日在北京召開的十三屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)第五次會(huì)議對(duì)個(gè)人所得稅法(individual income tax law)修正案草案進(jìn)行二次審議。二審稿中未對(duì)起征點(diǎn)進(jìn)行修改,維持了一審稿中個(gè)稅起征點(diǎn)(threshold for personal income tax exemption)調(diào)至每年6萬(wàn)元,即每月5000元不變。此外,個(gè)稅法二審稿也維持了45%的最高檔稅率(tax rate)。
作為一大亮點(diǎn),個(gè)稅法二審稿把贍養(yǎng)老人的支出(expenses for elderly care)納入到專項(xiàng)附加扣除(special additional deduction)范圍,加上此前的子女教育(children's education)支出、繼續(xù)教育(continuing education)支出、大病醫(yī)療(treatment for serious diseases)支出、住房貸款利息和住房租金,共5項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)附加扣除。
個(gè)稅法二審稿還規(guī)定,勞務(wù)報(bào)酬所得(remuneration for personal services)、稿酬所得(authors' remuneration)、特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)(royalties)所得以收入減除20%的費(fèi)用后的余額為收入額,其中,稿酬所得的收入額再減按70%計(jì)算。二審稿明確了公益慈善事業(yè)(philanthropy)捐贈(zèng)扣除標(biāo)準(zhǔn),規(guī)定個(gè)人將其所得對(duì)公益慈善事業(yè)進(jìn)行捐贈(zèng),捐贈(zèng)額未超過(guò)應(yīng)納稅所得額(taxable income)30%的部分,可以從其應(yīng)納稅所得額中扣除(deduction)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
增值稅 value-added tax
企業(yè)所得稅 enterprise income tax
免稅 tax exemption
減稅 tax reduction, tax cut
收入分配 distribution of income
避稅地 tax haven
2. 消費(fèi)降級(jí)
consumption downgrading
請(qǐng)看例句:
There is heated discussion online as to whether China is experiencing a consumption downgrading. Some figures do suggest that retail products with lower prices are making a comeback. But it is far from the whole truth.
網(wǎng)上熱議我國(guó)是否正經(jīng)歷消費(fèi)降級(jí)。一些數(shù)據(jù)確實(shí)表明價(jià)格更低的零售商品又重獲青睞。然而,這遠(yuǎn)不是全部事實(shí)。
近段時(shí)間以來(lái),"消費(fèi)降級(jí)(consumption downgrading)"引發(fā)社會(huì)熱議。有網(wǎng)友稱由于家庭收支壓力大(household budgets are under pressure),不得不減少消費(fèi)(spending is being reduced),價(jià)格成為選購(gòu)產(chǎn)品時(shí)的決定性因素:購(gòu)物拼多多、中午吃榨菜、出門靠摩拜。還有人找到了所謂"消費(fèi)降級(jí)"的更多佐證:榨菜(pickle)、便宜白酒(cheap baijiu)以及方便面(instant noodles)的銷量均在上升。
事實(shí)果真如此嗎?專家認(rèn)為,我國(guó)不僅沒有消費(fèi)降級(jí),恰恰相反,是在消費(fèi)升級(jí)(consumption upgrading)。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),我國(guó)居民的商品支出減少,但服務(wù)支出增加(less spending on products and more on services)。幾年前,吃美食、穿名牌給國(guó)人帶來(lái)最大滿足(bring the most satisfaction to people in China),但如今國(guó)人愿意將更多的錢花在娛樂、教育和旅游等方面。對(duì)于低價(jià)產(chǎn)品(products with lower prices)的選擇是公眾消費(fèi)理念(consumption concept)提升與消費(fèi)心理(consumer psychology)成熟的重要表現(xiàn)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 expand domestic demand
消費(fèi)機(jī)制 consumption mechanism
優(yōu)化消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu) optimize the consumption structure
個(gè)性化消費(fèi) personalized consumption
多樣化的消費(fèi)訴求 diversified consumption demands
3. 順風(fēng)車業(yè)務(wù)
hitch riding services
請(qǐng)看例句:
Didi Chuxing, the nation's largest online car-hailing platform, halted its "hitch" ride services across the country starting Monday after a rape and killing of a female rider by a Didi driver in Zhejiang.
國(guó)內(nèi)最大在線打車平臺(tái)滴滴出行自27日起,在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)下線順風(fēng)車業(yè)務(wù)。此前一位滴滴車主在浙江奸殺了一位女性乘客。
針對(duì)本月24日浙江省溫州市女孩乘坐滴滴順風(fēng)車途中被害事件,26日,交通運(yùn)輸部、公安部以及滴滴出行公司注冊(cè)地天津市的相關(guān)部門對(duì)滴滴高管進(jìn)行面對(duì)面約談(face-to-face meeting),責(zé)令其立即對(duì)在線順風(fēng)車業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行全面整改(order the company to rectify problems with its online hitch riding services),加強(qiáng)安全舉措(enhance security measures),及時(shí)向社會(huì)公布有關(guān)整改情況(release timely updates of its progress to correct the situation with the public)。
24日下午,一名20歲的女子在溫州從滴滴平臺(tái)叫車后失聯(lián)(go missing after hailing an auto from Didi),25日早晨,司機(jī)被警方抓獲,并承認(rèn)了強(qiáng)奸和謀殺行為(confess to rape and murder)。而就在今年5月,一名21歲的空姐(female flight attendant)在鄭州搭乘滴滴順風(fēng)車時(shí)被司機(jī)殺害(be murdered by her hitch driver)。
交通運(yùn)輸部運(yùn)輸服務(wù)司司長(zhǎng)徐亞華在約談中指出,短短三個(gè)月時(shí)間發(fā)生兩起侵害乘客生命安全的惡性事件,暴露出滴滴出行平臺(tái)存在的重大經(jīng)營(yíng)管理漏洞和安全隱患(great management loopholes and safety perils),企業(yè)主體責(zé)任落實(shí)不到位,嚴(yán)重威脅乘客安全和權(quán)益(seriously threaten passengers' safety, rights and interests),社會(huì)影響非常惡劣(cause severe negative social impact)。
滴滴公司負(fù)責(zé)人表示,對(duì)此次事件深感自責(zé)和愧疚,滴滴公司負(fù)有不可推卸的重大責(zé)任,并承諾:一是自27日起,在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)下線順風(fēng)車業(yè)務(wù)(suspend its hitch riding services nationwide),重新評(píng)估業(yè)務(wù)模式(re-evaluate its business model);二是9月1日前完成合規(guī)化運(yùn)營(yíng)工作方案,報(bào)送有關(guān)部門并接受社會(huì)監(jiān)督;三是落實(shí)安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任制,開展安全隱患(potential safety hazards)自查工作;四是整改升級(jí)客服體系(the company's customer service system will be upgraded),加大客服團(tuán)隊(duì)的人力和資源投入;五是開拓平臺(tái)用戶緊急情況報(bào)警通道(launch a service to allow users to contact the police in case of emergencies),完善配合公安機(jī)關(guān)證據(jù)調(diào)取機(jī)制(improve the mechanism of providing evidence for the police)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
專車服務(wù) tailored taxi service
快車 fast ride
人身安全 physical safety
平民傷亡 civilian casualty
緊急求救電話 emergency call
4. 電競(jìng)
e-sports
請(qǐng)看例句:
With e-sports joining the Asian Games for the first time as a demonstration sport in Jakarta, China won two gold medals and a silver in three of the six events: League of Legends, Clash Royale and Arena of Valor.
在雅加達(dá)亞運(yùn)會(huì)的6個(gè)電競(jìng)表演項(xiàng)目中,中國(guó)在《英雄聯(lián)盟》、《皇室戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)》和《Arena of Valor》三項(xiàng)賽事上斬獲兩金一銀。這是亞運(yùn)會(huì)首次將電競(jìng)納入表演項(xiàng)目。
29日,雅加達(dá)亞運(yùn)會(huì)(Asian Games)電競(jìng)(electronic sports, e-sports)表演項(xiàng)目中國(guó)團(tuán)隊(duì)參加的三項(xiàng)賽事全部結(jié)束,收獲兩金一銀。其中,《Arena of Valor》(《王者榮耀》國(guó)際版)項(xiàng)目和《英雄聯(lián)盟(League of Legends)》項(xiàng)目收獲金牌、《皇室戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(Clash Royale)》項(xiàng)目收獲銀牌。
所謂的"表演項(xiàng)目(demonstration sports/exhibition event)"指的是為了宣傳推廣某個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目而在奧運(yùn)會(huì)、亞運(yùn)會(huì)等重大體育賽事(sporting event)中進(jìn)行展示的體育項(xiàng)目,與之相對(duì)的就是"正式比賽項(xiàng)目(official/medal event)"。表演項(xiàng)目的前三名依舊能夠獲得獎(jiǎng)牌,只是不會(huì)被記入到代表隊(duì)的獎(jiǎng)牌總數(shù)(medal tally)中。
從2003年被國(guó)家體育總局列入正式的體育競(jìng)賽項(xiàng)目,到2018年成為雅加達(dá)亞運(yùn)會(huì)電子體育表演賽項(xiàng)目,再到成為2022年杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)正式比賽項(xiàng)目,電競(jìng)產(chǎn)業(yè)(esports industry)正在迎來(lái)黃金時(shí)代(golden age)。國(guó)際奧委會(huì)主席巴赫也在今年5月份表示,將與電競(jìng)行業(yè)的代表見面,探討電競(jìng)?cè)電W(e-sports' Olympic inclusion)問題。
市場(chǎng)研究機(jī)構(gòu)企鵝智酷的《中國(guó)電競(jìng)行業(yè)與用戶發(fā)展報(bào)告》顯示,2017年中國(guó)電競(jìng)用戶規(guī)模(user base)達(dá)到了2.5億人,第一次出現(xiàn)了觀賽人次超過(guò)100億的賽事,預(yù)計(jì)2018年用戶規(guī)模將突破3億人。伽馬數(shù)據(jù)的研究報(bào)告顯示,2017年中國(guó)電子競(jìng)技游戲市場(chǎng)實(shí)際銷售收入(sales revenue)達(dá)到730.5億元,同比增長(zhǎng)44.8%,預(yù)計(jì)2018年中國(guó)電競(jìng)產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模將超過(guò)880億元。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
國(guó)家隊(duì) national team
電子競(jìng)技比賽 e-sports tournament
電競(jìng)選手 e-sports player
電子競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)與管理 electronic competitive sports and management
電子競(jìng)技世界杯 Electronic Sport World Cup
5. 客戶信息
client information
請(qǐng)看例句:
News that 500 million pieces of client information were leaked from Huazhu Hotels Group Ltd went viral on social media Tuesday.
28日,有關(guān)華住酒店集團(tuán)5億條客戶信息遭泄露的新聞在社交媒體上瘋傳。
28日下午,上海市公安局長(zhǎng)寧分局接到華住集團(tuán)運(yùn)營(yíng)負(fù)責(zé)人報(bào)案稱,有人在境外網(wǎng)站兜售華住旗下酒店數(shù)據(jù),客戶信息疑遭泄露。據(jù)稱,當(dāng)日在"暗網(wǎng)"論壇("dark web" forum)上出售的酒店客戶私人信息(private information)數(shù)量達(dá)1.3億條。信息售價(jià)為8個(gè)比特幣(Bitcoin),相當(dāng)于5.44萬(wàn)美元或520門羅幣(Monero),約合37萬(wàn)元人民幣。
據(jù)報(bào)道,遭泄露的信息(leaked information)包括華住官網(wǎng)注冊(cè)資料(registration information)、酒店入住登記的身份信息以及酒店開房記錄(record of hotel stay),住客的姓名、手機(jī)號(hào)、郵箱、身份證號(hào)、登錄賬號(hào)密碼(login account and password)、家庭地址、生日、同房間關(guān)聯(lián)號(hào)、卡號(hào)、入住時(shí)間、離開時(shí)間、房間號(hào)、消費(fèi)金額等詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)(detailed data)。
28日下午,華住集團(tuán)發(fā)布聲明稱,針對(duì)這一事件及引發(fā)的惡劣輿論影響,集團(tuán)已在內(nèi)部迅速開展核查。華住集團(tuán)表示,警方已就此事展開調(diào)查,該公司已經(jīng)聘請(qǐng)了專業(yè)人員對(duì)"相關(guān)個(gè)人信息"是否來(lái)源于華住集團(tuán)進(jìn)行核實(shí)(hire professionals to determine if the "relevant private information" came from the company)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
隱私威脅 privacy threat
信息安全 information security
身份認(rèn)證 identity authentication
網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙 cyber fraud
(編輯:彭娜、丁一、劉明 實(shí)習(xí)生:馬青玲)
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