3月8日是國(guó)際婦女節(jié)，俗稱(chēng)三八節(jié)，是為呼吁性別平等和慶祝女性在政治社會(huì)等領(lǐng)域取得的成就而設(shè)立的全球性節(jié)日。你知道婦女節(jié)的由來(lái)嗎？今年的節(jié)日主題是什么？婦女節(jié)是女性的專(zhuān)屬節(jié)日，那男性有沒(méi)有自己的節(jié)日呢？一起來(lái)看看這些問(wèn)題的答案吧。

國(guó)際婦女節(jié)的由來(lái)

It’s difficult to say exactly when IWD (International Women's Day) began. Its roots can be traced to 1908, when 15,000 women marched through New York City demanding voting rights, better pay and shorter working hours.
很難確切說(shuō)出國(guó)際婦女節(jié)是從何時(shí)開(kāi)始的，它的起源可以追溯到1908年，當(dāng)時(shí)15000名婦女在紐約市游行，要求投票權(quán)、加薪和縮短工時(shí)。

A year later, the first National Woman’s Day was observed in the US on February 28, in accordance with a declaration by the Socialist Party of America.
一年后，按照美國(guó)社會(huì)黨的宣言，美國(guó)人在2月28日慶祝了第一個(gè)全國(guó)婦女節(jié)。

In 1910, a woman called Clara Zetkin – leader of the ‘women’s office’ for the Social Democratic Party in Germany – tabled the idea of an International Women’s Day. She suggested that every country should celebrate women on one day every year to push for their demands.
1910年，德國(guó)社會(huì)民主黨“女性辦公室”負(fù)責(zé)人克拉拉?蔡特金提出了國(guó)際婦女節(jié)的設(shè)想。她建議全世界都應(yīng)該在每年的某一天慶祝婦女節(jié)，為女性爭(zhēng)取權(quán)益。

A conference of more than 100 women from 17 countries agreed to her suggestion and IWD was formed. In 1911, it was celebrated for the first time in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland on March 19.
來(lái)自17個(gè)國(guó)家的100多名女性開(kāi)會(huì)支持她的建議，并設(shè)立了國(guó)際婦女節(jié)。1911年，奧地利、丹麥、德國(guó)和瑞士在3月19日首次慶祝這一節(jié)日。

In 1913, it was decided to transfer IWD to March 8, and it has been celebrated on that day ever since. The day was only recognized by the United Nations in 1975, but ever since it has created a theme each year for the celebration.
1913年，人們決定將國(guó)際婦女節(jié)改到3月8日，自此每年都在這一天慶祝婦女節(jié)。1975年，國(guó)際婦女節(jié)獲得聯(lián)合國(guó)的承認(rèn)，此后每年的婦女節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)都有一個(gè)主題。

我們?yōu)槭裁催€在慶祝婦女節(jié)？

The original aim – to achieve full gender equality for women around the world – has still not been realized. A gender pay gap persists across the globe and women are still not present in equal numbers in business or politics. Figures show that globally, women’s education, health and violence towards women is still worse than that of men.
國(guó)際婦女節(jié)設(shè)立之初是為了在全世界實(shí)現(xiàn)性別平等，這個(gè)目標(biāo)至今仍未實(shí)現(xiàn)。世界各地仍然存在男女薪酬差異，女性在商界政界的占比仍不平等。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在全球范圍內(nèi)，女性在教育、健康和遭受暴力侵害問(wèn)題上的處境仍均比男性更糟糕。

According to the World Economic Forum, the gender gap won't close until 2186. On IWD, women across the world come together to force the world to recognize these inequalities – while also celebrating the achievements of women who have overcome these barriers.
據(jù)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇稱(chēng)，性別差異要到2186年才能消失。在國(guó)際婦女節(jié)這一天，全球女性齊心協(xié)力讓世界正視這些不平等問(wèn)題，同時(shí)為克服了這些阻礙的女性所取得的成就而慶祝。

In 2017, women effectively worked "for free" for 51 days of the year because of the gender pay gap.
2017年，由于男女薪酬差異，女性實(shí)際上在這一年“免費(fèi)”工作了51天。

In 2017, women's rights dominated the news, with a global reckoning on sexual misconduct rippling through industries.
2017年，隨著全世界打擊不正當(dāng)性行為的行動(dòng)波及各行各業(yè)，女性權(quán)益話(huà)題成了最重要的新聞。

Following the outpouring of allegations against Harvey Weinstein and other prominent men in power, the #MeToo movement gave a voice to women on the abuse and harassment they suffer in film, fashion, music, politics and art.
在針對(duì)哈維?韋恩斯坦以及其他掌握權(quán)勢(shì)的男性名人的性侵指控爆發(fā)后，#MeToo運(yùn)動(dòng)讓女性能夠說(shuō)出她們?cè)陔娪?、時(shí)尚、音樂(lè)、政治和藝術(shù)界所遭受的性侵犯和性騷擾。

TIME magazine then named the women speaking out against sexual and gender injustice their Person of the Year in December, naming the collective winner 'The Silence Breakers'.
隨后《時(shí)代》雜志在去年12月將這些公開(kāi)反對(duì)性別不平等的女性評(píng)為“年度人物”，將這一群體稱(chēng)為“打破沉默者”。

The vocal, headline-grabbing fight for women's rights has only increased in 2018, with female actresses donating money and wearing black at awards ceremonies in support of #TimesUp and BBC journalist Carrie Gracie publicly resigning as China editor over unequal pay.
2018年，這場(chǎng)暢所欲言、引人注目的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，女演員們捐款、在頒獎(jiǎng)禮上穿黑色服裝支持#TimesUp運(yùn)動(dòng)，BBC記者凱莉?格雷西因遭受不平等待遇公開(kāi)辭去中國(guó)區(qū)主編一職。

With gender parity still an apparent 168 years away, many are hoping the trajectory surrounding women's rights climbs as the year continues.
距離實(shí)現(xiàn)性別平等似乎還有168年之遙，許多人都希望今年女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的聲勢(shì)能夠不斷壯大。

今年的婦女節(jié)主題是什么？

The theme for IWD 2018 is #PressforProgress, a nod to the growing global movement of advocacy, activism and support surrounding gender parity and sexism. Inspired by the #MeToo and #TimesUp movements, the aim of the theme is to encourage people to continue the fight for equality.
2018年國(guó)際婦女節(jié)的主題是#逼迫進(jìn)步，這是對(duì)圍繞性別平等和性別歧視出現(xiàn)的越來(lái)越多的全球倡導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)、行動(dòng)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)和支持的呼應(yīng)。在#MeToo和#TimesUp運(yùn)動(dòng)的鼓舞下，這一主題旨在鼓勵(lì)人們繼續(xù)為性別平等發(fā)聲。

有國(guó)際男人節(jié)嗎？

Yes, it takes place on November 19 each year and International Men's Day is celebrated in 60 countries around the world.
是的，每年11月19日是國(guó)際男人節(jié)，全世界有60個(gè)國(guó)家慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。

The objectives of the day include a focus on men's and boy's health, improving gender relations, promoting gender equality, and highlighting positive male role models.
國(guó)際男人節(jié)旨在關(guān)注男性及男孩的健康問(wèn)題，改善兩性關(guān)系，促進(jìn)性別平等，并突出正能量的男性榜樣。

It is an occasion for men to celebrate their achievements and contributions, in particular their contributions to community, family, marriage, and child care while highlighting the discrimination against them.
男性在這一天慶祝他們所取得的成就和貢獻(xiàn)，特別是對(duì)社會(huì)、家庭、婚姻以及撫養(yǎng)子女方面等做出的貢獻(xiàn)，并關(guān)注他們?cè)馐艿男詣e歧視。

英文來(lái)源：每日電訊報(bào)
編譯：董靜
審校：yaning