年度美劇落幕,說(shuō)說(shuō)“選情膠著”的各式表達(dá)
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2016-11-10 16:50
終于,這部年度美劇落幕了。結(jié)局有沒(méi)有讓你很意外?后臺(tái)強(qiáng)硬、有很多明星站臺(tái)的希拉里大媽最終還是敗給了“political outsider”特朗普。
在大家都討論特朗普上臺(tái)以后的全球局勢(shì)時(shí),我們還是繼續(xù)帶大家學(xué)點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)吧。
在各州票數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果相繼出爐,兩人獲得的選舉人票數(shù)相當(dāng)接近的情況下,很多媒體都用tight race來(lái)形容選情,也就是“兩個(gè)人的票數(shù)咬得很緊”。
除了這個(gè)很官方的表達(dá)之外,英美的各路媒體差不多把相近的表達(dá)都用上了,比如:razor close,neck and neck,too close to call,等等。
我們一個(gè)一個(gè)來(lái)說(shuō)。
Razor close
英國(guó)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》在直播選情時(shí)有個(gè)標(biāo)題是這樣寫(xiě)的:Trump and Clinton watch votes as Florida 'razor close'。Razor是啥?男士們應(yīng)該都熟悉,是剃須刀。如果說(shuō)兩個(gè)人的票數(shù)差距只有一片剃須刀的厚度,那就是非常接近的意思。一般來(lái)說(shuō),英語(yǔ)里會(huì)用razor-close做形容詞,比如:This is a razor-close race,《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的標(biāo)題中顯然是把沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義的is給省略了。
我們來(lái)看《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的一段報(bào)道原文:
According to Florida’s board of elections, Trump is leading by just over one percentage point. All eyes are on this state. If the results end up incredibly close, we could end up with a repeat scenario of the 2000 election recount when the presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore was so narrow that Florida Election Code 102.141 mandated a statewide machine recount.
佛羅里達(dá)州選舉委員會(huì)表示,特朗普目前只領(lǐng)先一個(gè)多百分點(diǎn)。所有人都盯著這里的選情。如果最終兩人的票數(shù)非常接近,我們可能要重現(xiàn)2000年小布什和戈?duì)柛?jìng)選時(shí)票數(shù)重計(jì)的場(chǎng)景。當(dāng)時(shí),兩人在佛州的票數(shù)差距特別小,于是,根據(jù)佛州選舉法102.141進(jìn)行了全州范圍內(nèi)的選票重計(jì)。
這里的narrow也是經(jīng)常用來(lái)形容差距“微弱”,比如:a narrow victory;另外,我們也常用narrow escape來(lái)形容某件壞事差一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)就發(fā)生在自己身上,比如:Two police officers had a narrow escape when separatists attacked their vehicles.
Too close to call
英國(guó)《電訊報(bào)》也是在佛州、北卡等州的結(jié)果咬得很緊的時(shí)候出了這樣一個(gè)標(biāo)題:Donald Trump projected to win early states while Florida, Ohio and North Carolina remain too close to call。Too…to這個(gè)固定搭配大概是很多人最開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)就接觸過(guò)的吧?太…而不能…,句子里沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)not,但人家就是表示否定的意思。提醒一句,這里的call可不是“打電話”的意思,而是“宣布(某人獲勝)”。
美國(guó)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》也用了類似的標(biāo)題:Key battleground states too close to call。
我們來(lái)看《電訊報(bào)》的報(bào)道原文:
Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump are locked in a tense battle for the White House, as results in several crucial swing states went down to the wire.
希拉里和特朗普的白宮之戰(zhàn)僵持不下,幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵搖擺州的投票結(jié)果最后才出爐。
Down to the wire是個(gè)固定搭配,指“直到最后時(shí)刻”(until the last possible moment),比如:The election was so close, it went down to the wire and was decided by a court.
As of 2am GMT, the candidates were neck and neck in Florida, which Mr Trump needed to win to have any chance of winning the presidency.
截至格林尼治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間凌晨2點(diǎn),兩人在佛羅里達(dá)州的票數(shù)不相上下。特朗普要贏下該州才有希望贏得大選。
Neck and neck這個(gè)短語(yǔ)表達(dá)“不相上下”的意思最初是來(lái)自于賽馬,有的時(shí)候兩匹馬齊頭并進(jìn),很難分辨出哪匹馬在前頭,哪一匹在后頭。有可能兩匹馬的脖子是平行的,但是,由于一匹馬的嘴或者鼻子率先過(guò)了終點(diǎn)線,結(jié)果最終贏得比賽。
Deadlock
大選中,兩位候選人主要的較量是在搖擺州,而搖擺州的選情一度膠著,所以,BBC在報(bào)道時(shí)這樣描述:Clinton and Trump in swing states deadlock,兩人在搖擺州陷入僵局。
Deadlock字面意思就是“死結(jié),死扣”,在談判或者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)不明朗時(shí)多用deadlock形容當(dāng)時(shí)的“僵持局面”,“陷入僵局”就用reach a deadlock,“打破僵局”呢?當(dāng)然就是把reach換成break啦!
我們來(lái)看BBC的報(bào)道原文:
Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump are locked in a knife-edge battle in swing states after polls closed across half the US in the White House election.
美國(guó)大選半數(shù)地區(qū)投票結(jié)束,希拉里和特朗普在搖擺州選情難料。
Knife-edge本意是“刀刃”,這里指的是“形勢(shì)難料”,誰(shuí)都有可能領(lǐng)先,大概跟我們開(kāi)頭說(shuō)的razor的用意類似。
說(shuō)到這個(gè)knife-edge,想起Daily Mail在報(bào)道中也說(shuō)過(guò)這么一句:“The balance of political power in the United States is teetering on a knife's edge as a handful of swing states will determine the result of the 2016 presidential-election smackdown between Republican Donald Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton.”
Teeter原意指“搖晃,(走得)不穩(wěn)”,teetering on a knife's edge不就是“在刀刃上搖晃行走”嗎?這樣的描述足以讓讀者感受到當(dāng)時(shí)選情的形勢(shì)了吧?
Nail-biter
只要是關(guān)注美國(guó)大選選情的人大概都會(huì)覺(jué)得那情勢(shì)著實(shí)有點(diǎn)讓人揪心和緊張。人們?cè)诰o張的時(shí)候一般會(huì)有一些下意識(shí)的動(dòng)作,比如,咬指甲。CNN在報(bào)道關(guān)鍵搖擺州選情的時(shí)候就用了這樣一個(gè)標(biāo)題:A nail-biter in Florida and 5 other key states。
我們的語(yǔ)言之所以豐富,就是因?yàn)榇蠖鄟?lái)自于真實(shí)的生活,這里的nail-biter就是一個(gè)很好的例子。我們可以說(shuō)the race is a nail-biter,也可以說(shuō)the race is really nail-biting。只要你掌握了基本的英語(yǔ)詞匯變化規(guī)律,想怎么用就怎么用。
我們來(lái)看CNN的報(bào)道原文:
Donald Trump has an Electoral College lead at this point, but keep in mind that reliable blue strongholds on the West Coast still have to come in with their sizable vote totals.
特朗普目前的選舉人票處于領(lǐng)先位置,不過(guò),大家別忘了,西海岸的民主黨票倉(cāng)結(jié)果還沒(méi)出呢,那里貢獻(xiàn)的票數(shù)還是可觀的。
We're still waiting on all of our key battleground states, including razor thin Florida.
我們還在等待所有戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)州(搖擺州)的結(jié)果,這其中包括票數(shù)差距很微弱的佛羅里達(dá)州。
美劇結(jié)束了,韓劇還在繼續(xù),今年注定不平凡吶!
(中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 馬文英)