二、“十三五”時(shí)期主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)和重大舉措
II. The main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020

根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃的建議》，國(guó)務(wù)院編制了《國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會(huì)審查。
On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.

《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會(huì)奮斗目標(biāo)，針對(duì)發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)等突出問(wèn)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)要牢固樹(shù)立和貫徹落實(shí)創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開(kāi)放、共享的發(fā)展理念，明確了今后五年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，提出了一系列支撐發(fā)展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項(xiàng)目，突出了以下六個(gè)方面。
The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects. The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.

--保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng)，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端水平。實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，到2020年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)保持在6.5%以上。加快推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，實(shí)施一批技術(shù)水平高、帶動(dòng)能力強(qiáng)的重大工程。到2020年，先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)比重大幅提升，全員勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率從人均8.7萬(wàn)元提高到12萬(wàn)元以上。屆時(shí)，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過(guò)90萬(wàn)億元，發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個(gè)人口眾多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，這將是非常了不起的成就。
-- We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end. To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period. To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development. Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan. By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved. For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.

--強(qiáng)化創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)作用，為發(fā)展注入強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。創(chuàng)新是引領(lǐng)發(fā)展的第一動(dòng)力，必須擺在國(guó)家發(fā)展全局的核心位置，深入實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。啟動(dòng)一批新的國(guó)家重大科技項(xiàng)目，建設(shè)一批高水平的國(guó)家科學(xué)中心和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心，培育壯大一批有國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的創(chuàng)新型領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)，建設(shè)一批全面創(chuàng)新改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)。持續(xù)推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新。促進(jìn)大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣泛應(yīng)用。加快建設(shè)質(zhì)量強(qiáng)國(guó)、制造強(qiáng)國(guó)、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)強(qiáng)國(guó)。到2020年，力爭(zhēng)在基礎(chǔ)研究、應(yīng)用研究和戰(zhàn)略前沿領(lǐng)域取得重大突破，全社會(huì)研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入強(qiáng)度達(dá)到2.5%，科技進(jìn)步對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到60%，邁進(jìn)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家和人才強(qiáng)國(guó)行列。
-- We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development. Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development. We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation. We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations. We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things. We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights. We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020. China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%. Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.

--推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。縮小城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域差距，既是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的重點(diǎn)，也是釋放發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ年P(guān)鍵。要深入推進(jìn)以人為核心的新型城鎮(zhèn)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)1億左右農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮(zhèn)落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區(qū)和城中村改造，引導(dǎo)約1億人在中西部地區(qū)就近城鎮(zhèn)化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到60%、戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到45%。實(shí)施一批水利、農(nóng)機(jī)、現(xiàn)代種業(yè)等工程，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)和區(qū)域化布局、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、社會(huì)化服務(wù)。到2020年，糧食等主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給和質(zhì)量安全得到更好保障，農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平明顯提高，新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得新成效。以區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略為基礎(chǔ)，以“三大戰(zhàn)略”為引領(lǐng)，形成沿海沿江沿線經(jīng)濟(jì)帶為主的縱向橫向經(jīng)濟(jì)軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動(dòng)力強(qiáng)的城市群和增長(zhǎng)極。加強(qiáng)重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，高鐵營(yíng)業(yè)里程達(dá)到3萬(wàn)公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車?yán)锍碳s3萬(wàn)公里，實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)全覆蓋。
-- We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions. Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential. We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization. This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and "villages" in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions. By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents. We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services. By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside. Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas. We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.

--推動(dòng)形成綠色生產(chǎn)生活方式，加快改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。堅(jiān)持在發(fā)展中保護(hù)、在保護(hù)中發(fā)展，持續(xù)推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。深入實(shí)施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，劃定生態(tài)空間保護(hù)紅線，推進(jìn)山水林田湖生態(tài)工程，加強(qiáng)生態(tài)保護(hù)和修復(fù)。今后五年，單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達(dá)到23.04%，能源資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用效率大幅提高，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進(jìn)展，地級(jí)及以上城市空氣質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)良天數(shù)比率超過(guò)80%。我們要持之以恒，建設(shè)天藍(lán)、地綠、水清的美麗中國(guó)。
-- We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment. We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system. We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts. Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%. We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment. In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year. We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.

--深化改革開(kāi)放，構(gòu)建發(fā)展新體制。發(fā)展根本上要靠改革開(kāi)放。必須全面深化改革，堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，建立現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用，加快形成引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)的體制機(jī)制和發(fā)展方式?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作實(shí)現(xiàn)新的突破。對(duì)外貿(mào)易向優(yōu)進(jìn)優(yōu)出轉(zhuǎn)變，服務(wù)貿(mào)易比重顯著提升，從貿(mào)易大國(guó)邁向貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國(guó)。全面實(shí)行準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇加負(fù)面清單管理制度，逐步構(gòu)建高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，基本形成開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制新格局。
-- We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development. Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up. We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place. It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development. We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity. We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality. We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas. With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.

--持續(xù)增進(jìn)民生福祉，使全體人民共享發(fā)展成果。堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，努力補(bǔ)齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。堅(jiān)決打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，我國(guó)現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。建立國(guó)家基本公共服務(wù)項(xiàng)目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續(xù)的社會(huì)保障制度。實(shí)施義務(wù)教育學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、普及高中階段教育、建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科等工程，勞動(dòng)年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5000萬(wàn)人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)住房改造2000萬(wàn)套。推進(jìn)健康中國(guó)建設(shè)，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化。構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系，實(shí)施公民道德建設(shè)、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質(zhì)生活更殷實(shí)，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。
-- We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development. Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity. We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas. We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services. We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems. We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years. We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs. We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace. We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas. We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy. We need to respond proactively to population aging. We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving. These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.

做好“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，必須著力把握好三點(diǎn)。
To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住發(fā)展第一要?jiǎng)?wù)不放松。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決我國(guó)所有問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增多。發(fā)展如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。必須毫不動(dòng)搖堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，妥善應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)這艘巨輪破浪遠(yuǎn)航。
First, give top priority to development. Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face. During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the "middle-income trap," and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks. Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream. We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.

二是大力推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。當(dāng)前發(fā)展中總量問(wèn)題與結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題并存，結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。在適度擴(kuò)大總需求的同時(shí)，突出抓好供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無(wú)效和低端供給，擴(kuò)大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)供給，使供給和需求協(xié)同促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，提高全要素生產(chǎn)率，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。
Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform. At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures. The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures. While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others. This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium- and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity. This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.

三是加快新舊發(fā)展動(dòng)能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展必然會(huì)有新舊動(dòng)能迭代更替的過(guò)程，當(dāng)傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能由強(qiáng)變?nèi)鯐r(shí)，需要新動(dòng)能異軍突起和傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)、躍上新臺(tái)階。當(dāng)前我國(guó)發(fā)展正處于這樣一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，必須培育壯大新動(dòng)能，加快發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟(jì)。要推動(dòng)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新業(yè)態(tài)加快成長(zhǎng)，以體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，建設(shè)共享平臺(tái)，做大高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，打造動(dòng)力強(qiáng)勁的新引擎。運(yùn)用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)、管理和營(yíng)銷模式變革，重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈、價(jià)值鏈，改造提升傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能，使之煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)與活力。
Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development. In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones. As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed; only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth. This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy. We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines. We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.

從根本上說(shuō)，發(fā)展的不竭力量蘊(yùn)藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動(dòng)力、1億多受過(guò)高等教育和有專業(yè)技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優(yōu)勢(shì)。實(shí)現(xiàn)新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換，推動(dòng)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新，既是一個(gè)伴隨陣痛的調(diào)整過(guò)程，也是一個(gè)充滿希望的升級(jí)過(guò)程。只要闖過(guò)這個(gè)關(guān)口，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)就一定能夠浴火重生、再創(chuàng)輝煌。
Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development. A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength. Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment. But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise. We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.

展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，人民生活將會(huì)更加美好，中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)前景一定會(huì)更加光明！
Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.