政府工作報(bào)告
Report on the Work of the Government

——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第四次會(huì)議上
Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

國(guó)務(wù)院總理 李克強(qiáng)
Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

3月5日，李克強(qiáng)總理代表國(guó)務(wù)院在十二屆全國(guó)人大四次會(huì)議上作《政府工作報(bào)告》。 新華社記者饒愛(ài)民攝

各位代表：
Esteemed Deputies,

現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)各位委員提出意見(jiàn)。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2015年工作回顧
I.Review of the work we did in 2015

過(guò)去一年，我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨多重困難和嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以習(xí)近平同志為總書(shū)記的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國(guó)各族人民以堅(jiān)定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅(jiān)克難，開(kāi)拓進(jìn)取，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)、穩(wěn)中有好，完成了全年主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。
In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit. As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到67.7萬(wàn)億元，增長(zhǎng)6.9%，在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中位居前列。糧食產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)“十二連增”，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業(yè)形勢(shì)總體穩(wěn)定，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1312萬(wàn)人，超過(guò)全年預(yù)期目標(biāo)，成為經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的一大亮點(diǎn)。
The economy operated within an appropriate range. GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies. Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row. Consumer prices grew slowly. Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.

結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得積極進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據(jù)“半壁江山”。消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到66.4%。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增速快于一般工業(yè)。單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5.6%。
Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment. The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time. The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.

發(fā)展新動(dòng)能加快成長(zhǎng)。創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略持續(xù)推進(jìn)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與各行業(yè)加速融合，新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長(zhǎng)。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，全年新登記注冊(cè)企業(yè)增長(zhǎng)21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬(wàn)戶。新動(dòng)能對(duì)穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促升級(jí)發(fā)揮了突出作用，正在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)生深刻變革。
New driving forces for development grew rapidly. Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly. Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day. New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.

人民生活進(jìn)一步改善。全國(guó)居民人均可支配收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)7.4%，快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增速。去年末居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款余額增長(zhǎng)8.5%，新增4萬(wàn)多億元。又解決6434萬(wàn)農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問(wèn)題。扶貧攻堅(jiān)力度加大，農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1442萬(wàn)人。
Living standards improved. Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy. By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.

科技領(lǐng)域一批創(chuàng)新成果達(dá)到國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平，第三代核電技術(shù)取得重大進(jìn)展，國(guó)產(chǎn)C919大型客機(jī)總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。對(duì)我國(guó)發(fā)展取得的成就，全國(guó)各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！回顧過(guò)去一年，成績(jī)來(lái)之不易。
A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.

這些成績(jī)，是在極為復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻的國(guó)際環(huán)境中取得的。去年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增速為6年來(lái)最低，國(guó)際貿(mào)易增速更低，大宗商品價(jià)格深度下跌，國(guó)際金融市場(chǎng)震蕩加劇，對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成直接沖擊和影響。這些成績(jī)，是在國(guó)內(nèi)深層次矛盾凸顯、經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對(duì)“三期疊加”的局面，經(jīng)濟(jì)工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問(wèn)題，需要遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合，趨利避害，有效應(yīng)對(duì)。這些成績(jī)，是在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過(guò)60萬(wàn)億元的高基數(shù)上取得的?，F(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值每增長(zhǎng)1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量，相當(dāng)于5年前1.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)、10年前2.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量。經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模越大，增長(zhǎng)難度隨之增加。在困難和壓力面前，全國(guó)各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過(guò)來(lái)。這再次表明，任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻都擋不住中國(guó)發(fā)展前行的步伐！
They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment. In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market. All this had a direct impact on China's economy. They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting. While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm. Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan. Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago. The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth. In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today. This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.

一年來(lái)，我們主要做了以下工作：
I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式。為應(yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)加大的經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，我們?cè)趨^(qū)間調(diào)控基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)施定向調(diào)控和相機(jī)調(diào)控。積極的財(cái)政政策注重加力增效，擴(kuò)大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅范圍，實(shí)行普遍性降費(fèi)，盤活財(cái)政存量資金。發(fā)行地方政府債券置換存量債務(wù)3.2萬(wàn)億元，降低利息負(fù)擔(dān)約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準(zhǔn)，改革存貸比管理，創(chuàng)新貨幣政策工具，加大對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)支持力度。擴(kuò)大有效投資，設(shè)立專項(xiàng)基金，加強(qiáng)水利、城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)和農(nóng)村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)促進(jìn)工程，城鄉(xiāng)居民旅游、網(wǎng)購(gòu)、信息消費(fèi)等快速增長(zhǎng)。去年還積極應(yīng)對(duì)股市、匯市異常波動(dòng)等金融領(lǐng)域的多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線，維護(hù)了國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)金融安全。First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation. In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation. We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use. Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure. We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy. Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions. Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services. In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.

二是圍繞激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力，加大改革開(kāi)放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強(qiáng)刺激，而是持續(xù)推動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。深入推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。取消和下放311項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，取消123項(xiàng)職業(yè)資格許可和認(rèn)定事項(xiàng)，徹底終結(jié)了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡(jiǎn)85%，全面實(shí)施三證合一、一照一碼。加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管，優(yōu)化公共服務(wù)流程。群眾和企業(yè)辦事更加方便，全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新熱情日益高漲。
Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market. Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services. We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review. The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved. Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.

財(cái)稅金融等重點(diǎn)改革深入推進(jìn)。中央對(duì)地方專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目減少三分之一，一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增加。營(yíng)改增穩(wěn)步實(shí)施，資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征范圍擴(kuò)大。取消存款利率浮動(dòng)上限，推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)。價(jià)格改革力度加大，中央政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少80%，地方政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少一半以上。國(guó)有企業(yè)、農(nóng)村、投融資、生態(tài)文明等領(lǐng)域改革有序推進(jìn)，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現(xiàn)。
Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes. The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%. We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.

堅(jiān)持以開(kāi)放促改革促發(fā)展。努力穩(wěn)定對(duì)外貿(mào)易，調(diào)整出口退稅負(fù)擔(dān)機(jī)制，清理規(guī)范進(jìn)出口環(huán)節(jié)收費(fèi)，提高貿(mào)易便利化水平，出口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實(shí)行備案管理，實(shí)際使用外資1263億美元，增長(zhǎng)5.6%。非金融類對(duì)外直接投資1180億美元，增長(zhǎng)14.7%。推廣上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，新設(shè)廣東、天津、福建自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)。人民幣加入國(guó)際貨幣基金組織特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運(yùn)營(yíng)。簽署中韓、中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定和中國(guó)－東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級(jí)議定書(shū)。“一帶一路”建設(shè)成效顯現(xiàn)，國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國(guó)裝備走出去取得突破性進(jìn)展。
Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix. The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%. Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN. Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.

三是聚焦提質(zhì)增效，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新升級(jí)。制定實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略綱要和意見(jiàn)，出臺(tái)推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新政策舉措，落實(shí)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新動(dòng)力。一大批創(chuàng)客走上創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持政策，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式加快轉(zhuǎn)變。針對(duì)工業(yè)增速下降、企業(yè)效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產(chǎn)業(yè)培育，一手抓傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施《中國(guó)制造2025》，設(shè)立國(guó)家新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資引導(dǎo)基金、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展基金，擴(kuò)大國(guó)家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。積極化解過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能，推進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產(chǎn)能9000多萬(wàn)噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬(wàn)重量箱、電解鋁100多萬(wàn)噸。促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)性、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。狠抓節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)，各項(xiàng)約束性指標(biāo)超額完成。公布自主減排行動(dòng)目標(biāo)，推動(dòng)國(guó)際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。
Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance. To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations. Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones. We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring. Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum. We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.

四是著眼開(kāi)拓發(fā)展空間，促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)?xùn)|、中、西、東北地區(qū)“四大板塊”協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展“三大戰(zhàn)略”，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面實(shí)施一批重大工程。制定實(shí)施促進(jìn)西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆發(fā)展的政策措施。推進(jìn)戶籍制度改革，出臺(tái)居住證制度，加強(qiáng)城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化取得新成效。
Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space. Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation. Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.

五是緊扣增進(jìn)民生福祉，推動(dòng)社會(huì)事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。在財(cái)力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續(xù)加大。推出新的政策，重點(diǎn)解決高校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)困難群體的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)問(wèn)題。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬(wàn)套，棚戶區(qū)住房改造開(kāi)工601萬(wàn)套，農(nóng)村危房改造432萬(wàn)戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢(mèng)。加快改善貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件，深化中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革，重點(diǎn)高校招收貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生人數(shù)又增長(zhǎng)10.5%。全面推開(kāi)縣級(jí)公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險(xiǎn)，建立重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補(bǔ)貼和重度殘疾人護(hù)理補(bǔ)貼制度。提高低保、優(yōu)撫、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推行機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革并完善工資制度。加強(qiáng)基本公共文化服務(wù)建設(shè)。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。
Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards. Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment. Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in. We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%. Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established. We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.

六是促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，推動(dòng)依法行政和治理方式創(chuàng)新。國(guó)務(wù)院提請(qǐng)全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)8部。政務(wù)公開(kāi)加快推進(jìn)，推廣電子政務(wù)和網(wǎng)上辦事。建立重大政策落實(shí)督查問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制，開(kāi)展第三方評(píng)估。有效應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害和突發(fā)事件。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點(diǎn)行業(yè)事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。推進(jìn)食品安全創(chuàng)建示范行動(dòng)。強(qiáng)化社會(huì)治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)，有力維護(hù)了公共安全。
Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability. The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.

我們深入開(kāi)展“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實(shí)黨中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定精神，堅(jiān)決糾正“四風(fēng)”，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國(guó)務(wù)院“約法三章”。加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)察和審計(jì)監(jiān)督。大力推進(jìn)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。
The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending. Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened. We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.

我們隆重紀(jì)念中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國(guó)作為世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的歷史地位和重大貢獻(xiàn)，彰顯了中國(guó)人民同各國(guó)人民共護(hù)和平、共守正義的堅(jiān)定信念！
We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism. This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort. The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.

一年來(lái)，全方位外交成果豐碩。習(xí)近平主席等國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人出訪多國(guó)，出席聯(lián)合國(guó)系列峰會(huì)、二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)、亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議、氣候變化大會(huì)、東亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會(huì)議、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇等重大活動(dòng)。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會(huì)、中歐領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤，啟動(dòng)中拉論壇。同主要大國(guó)關(guān)系取得新進(jìn)展，同周邊國(guó)家務(wù)實(shí)合作深入推進(jìn)，同發(fā)展中國(guó)家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯(lián)合國(guó)等國(guó)際組織和國(guó)際機(jī)制的關(guān)系全面加強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國(guó)作為負(fù)責(zé)任大國(guó)，在國(guó)際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中發(fā)揮了重要的建設(shè)性作用。
Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016. The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated. Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges. As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.

過(guò)去一年取得的成績(jī)，是以習(xí)近平同志為總書(shū)記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、科學(xué)決策的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國(guó)各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強(qiáng)拼搏的結(jié)果。我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向全國(guó)各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的各國(guó)政府、國(guó)際組織和各國(guó)朋友，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！
We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations. I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.

在充分肯定去年成績(jī)的同時(shí)，我們也清醒看到，我國(guó)發(fā)展中還存在不少困難和問(wèn)題。受全球貿(mào)易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國(guó)進(jìn)出口總額出現(xiàn)下降，預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。投資增長(zhǎng)乏力，一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩嚴(yán)重，部分企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難，地區(qū)和行業(yè)走勢(shì)分化，財(cái)政收支矛盾突出，資本市場(chǎng)基礎(chǔ)性制度還不完善，金融等領(lǐng)域存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。人民群眾關(guān)心的醫(yī)療、教育、養(yǎng)老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問(wèn)題較多，環(huán)境污染形勢(shì)仍很嚴(yán)峻，嚴(yán)重霧霾天氣在一些地區(qū)時(shí)有發(fā)生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發(fā)生了“東方之星”號(hào)客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災(zāi)爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失慘重，教訓(xùn)極其深刻，必須認(rèn)真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實(shí)不到位，少數(shù)干部不作為、不會(huì)為、亂作為，一些領(lǐng)域的不正之風(fēng)和腐敗問(wèn)題不容忽視。我們要進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)和擔(dān)當(dāng)意識(shí)，下更大力氣解決這些問(wèn)題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負(fù)人民重托。
While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development. With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard. Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors. There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people. The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog. Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port. The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten. There are still inadequacies in the work of the government. Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored. We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved. The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.

各位代表！
Esteemed Deputies,

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過(guò)去五年，我國(guó)發(fā)展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來(lái)，在以習(xí)近平同志為總書(shū)記的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國(guó)際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國(guó)內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，我們繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，深化改革開(kāi)放，實(shí)施一系列利當(dāng)前、惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的重大舉措，“十二五”規(guī)劃確定的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)全面完成。
The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015. During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home. However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits. As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

一是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)較快發(fā)展。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)7.8%，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量穩(wěn)居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿(mào)易大國(guó)和主要對(duì)外投資大國(guó)。
First, a high rate of economic development was maintained. During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%. This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.

二是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得標(biāo)志性進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)成為第一大產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)化與信息化融合加深，農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力明顯增強(qiáng)。消費(fèi)成為支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要力量。超過(guò)一半人口居住在城鎮(zhèn)。單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。
Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments. Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved. Consumption has become a major driver of growth. Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas. Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.

三是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施水平全面躍升。鐵路營(yíng)業(yè)里程達(dá)到12.1萬(wàn)公里，其中高速鐵路超過(guò)1.9萬(wàn)公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車?yán)锍坛^(guò)12萬(wàn)公里。南水北調(diào)東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure. The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total. The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.

四是科技創(chuàng)新實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導(dǎo)等基礎(chǔ)研究取得一批原創(chuàng)性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測(cè)等項(xiàng)目達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平。
Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation. Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research. World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.

五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長(zhǎng)快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，城鄉(xiāng)收入差距持續(xù)縮小。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)人數(shù)超過(guò)6400萬(wàn)人。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房建設(shè)4013萬(wàn)套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問(wèn)題。
Fifth, living standards improved significantly. Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed. Over 64 million urban jobs were created. Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people. The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.

六是社會(huì)發(fā)展成就斐然。教育公平和質(zhì)量明顯提升?；踞t(yī)療保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保率超過(guò)80%。文化軟實(shí)力持續(xù)提升。依法治國(guó)全面推進(jìn)。中國(guó)特色軍事變革成就顯著。經(jīng)過(guò)五年努力，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、科技實(shí)力、國(guó)防實(shí)力、國(guó)際影響力又上了一個(gè)大臺(tái)階。
Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development. Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved. Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population. China's soft power continued to grow. The rule of law was advanced in all respects. Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics. Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.

“十二五”時(shí)期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的巨大優(yōu)越性，集中展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)人民的無(wú)窮創(chuàng)造力，極大增強(qiáng)了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵(lì)全國(guó)各族人民在實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)的新征程上奮力前行！
The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people. The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.