十三五規(guī)劃建議8大民生亮點(diǎn)
中國日報網(wǎng) 2015-11-04 16:03
《中共中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十三個五年規(guī)劃的建議》3日公布。這份引領(lǐng)未來5年我國發(fā)展的綱領(lǐng)性文件里,不僅有關(guān)乎國家發(fā)展的重要政策,也包含了不少實實在在的惠民政策,下面就讓我們一起盤點(diǎn)這些“接地氣”的民生亮點(diǎn):
1. 公共服務(wù)(Public Service):讓人人共享發(fā)展成果
《建議》摘要:堅持普惠性、?;?、均等化、可持續(xù)方向,從解決人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實的利益問題入手,增強(qiáng)政府職責(zé)(responsibilities of government),建立更高效的公共服務(wù)(more efficient public services)。
2. 扶貧攻堅(Poverty Relief):讓7000多萬貧困人口全部脫貧
《建議》摘要:我國現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口實現(xiàn)脫貧(get rid of poverty),貧困縣全部摘帽,解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。
"Eliminating poverty in rural areas is the most difficult challenge to building a moderately prosperous society," said Xi.
習(xí)近平表示,農(nóng)村貧困人口脫貧是全面建成小康社會最艱巨的任務(wù)。
To this end, the government plans to issue poverty-relief policies and improve infrastructure in rural areas, including roads, access to water, power and Internet.
政府計劃通過扶貧政策,改善農(nóng)村道路、取水、電力、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等方面基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),解決這一問題。
3. 教育公平(Equal Education):讓每個孩子享有平等的受教育權(quán)
《建議》摘要:普及高中階段教育,逐步分類推進(jìn)中等職業(yè)教育(secondary vocational education)免除學(xué)雜費(fèi),率先從建檔立卡的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生(students from poor families)實施普通高中免除學(xué)雜費(fèi)(exempt tuition and fees);
我國將通過提高教育質(zhì)量(enhence the quality of education),推動義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展(promote a balanced development of compulsory education),普及高中階段教育(make senior secondary education basically universal),實現(xiàn)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助全覆蓋,促進(jìn)教育公平。
4. 就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)(Employment and Entrepreneurship):讓人們的工作前景更光明
《建議》摘要:堅持就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略,實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策(more proactive employment policy),創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)崗位,著力解決結(jié)構(gòu)性就業(yè)矛盾。完善創(chuàng)業(yè)扶持政策(aid system for job seekers),鼓勵以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶就業(yè),建立面向人人的創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)平臺(service platform for entrepreneurship)。
5. 大病保險(Critical Illness Insurance):讓人們不再“因病返貧”
《建議》摘要:全面實施城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險制度(critical illness insurance system)。通過多種方式降低大病慢性病(chronic disease)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。改革醫(yī)保支付方式,發(fā)揮醫(yī)保控費(fèi)作用。改進(jìn)個人賬戶,開展門診費(fèi)用(outpatient expenditure)統(tǒng)籌。
The Party proposed advancing the comprehensive reform of public-owned hospitals, breaking their mechanisms for seeking profits and building a personnel and remuneration system appropriate for the health industry.
全面推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院綜合改革,破除逐利機(jī)制,建立符合醫(yī)療行業(yè)特點(diǎn)的人事薪酬制度。
6. 全面兩孩(Two-child Policy):讓人口發(fā)展更均衡
《建議》摘要:全面實施一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子(all couples to have two children)政策;積極開展應(yīng)對人口老齡化(aging of population)行動;全面放開養(yǎng)老服務(wù)市場(elderly care service)。
"全面二孩政策"(universal two-child policy)是繼2013年,十八屆三中全會決定啟動實施"單獨(dú)二孩"政策(two-child fertility policy for couples where either the husband or the wife is from a single-child family)之后的又一次人口政策調(diào)整。
近年來,我國人口總量增長勢頭明顯減弱,老齡化程度不斷加深。十八屆五中全會決定全面實施一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子政策,積極開展應(yīng)對人口老齡化(aging of population)行動,促進(jìn)人口均衡發(fā)展(improve the balanced development of population)。
7. 戶籍改革(Reform of Household Registration System):讓群眾公平享有合法權(quán)益
《建議》摘要:深化戶籍制度改革(execution of changes to the household registration system),促進(jìn)有能力在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和生活的農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口舉家進(jìn)城落戶,并與城鎮(zhèn)居民有同等權(quán)利和義務(wù)。實施居住證制度(residence permit system),努力實現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)常住人口(permanent population)全覆蓋。
Citing a national plan on urbanization for the 2014-2020 period, the document said by 2020, about 45 percent of the whole registered population will be living in urban areas.
根據(jù)《國家新型城鎮(zhèn)化規(guī)劃(2014-2020年)》,到2020年,戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到45%左右。
8. 改善生態(tài)(Improving the ecological environment):讓人人在藍(lán)天下呼吸
《建議》摘要:堅持綠色富國、綠色惠民,為人民提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品(ecological product),推動形成綠色發(fā)展方式和生活方式(green development and living models),協(xié)同推進(jìn)人民富裕、國家富強(qiáng)、中國美麗。
The proposals promised that China will wage an "energy revolution," by ramping up the exploration of clean, safe resources to replace coal and other fossil fuels.
《建議》指出,通過增加對清潔能源和安全能源替代煤及其他化石燃料的探索,我國將進(jìn)行一場“能源革命”。
The country will continue to develop wind, solar, biomass, water, geothermal and nuclear energy, as well as explore deposits natural, shale and coal bed gases.
我國將繼續(xù)開發(fā)風(fēng)能、太陽能、生物燃料、水、地?zé)岷秃四?,并探索對自然沉積物、頁巖及煤層氣的利用。
(中國日報網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 丁一)