一周熱詞回顧(9.7-9.11)
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)手機(jī)報(bào) 2015-09-14 13:30
一周新聞熱詞榜,一網(wǎng)打盡trending news。新一期熱詞榜發(fā)榜啦!
1.我國(guó)股市擬引入熔斷機(jī)制
2.總理稱經(jīng)濟(jì)不會(huì)硬著陸
3.'清明上河圖'故宮首亮相
4.多地試點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)全科教師
5.中小學(xué)教師設(shè)正高職稱
6.阿里巴巴將辦'雙11春晚'
7.歐洲遭遇最大難民危機(jī)
8.英女王執(zhí)政時(shí)間破紀(jì)錄
1. 熔斷機(jī)制
circuit-breaker mechanism
請(qǐng)看例句:
Mainland bourses are contemplating the introduction of a circuit-breaker mechanism to arrest abnormal price swings on capital markets.
國(guó)內(nèi)證交所正考慮引入熔斷機(jī)制,以防范資本市場(chǎng)發(fā)生非正常價(jià)格波動(dòng)。
指數(shù)熔斷機(jī)制是指股指(stock index)下跌一定比例后,證券交易所(stock exchanges)采取暫停交易以避免恐慌性拋售(panic selling)的措施。根據(jù)計(jì)劃,如果市場(chǎng)漲跌波動(dòng)達(dá)到5%和7%,將觸發(fā)熔斷機(jī)制。
業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示,熔斷機(jī)制的主要目的是給市場(chǎng)一個(gè)冷靜期(cooling-off period),讓投資者充分消化市場(chǎng)信息,防止市場(chǎng)或某一產(chǎn)品非理性的大幅波動(dòng),特別防止市場(chǎng)大幅下跌甚至發(fā)生股災(zāi)(stock market crash),以維護(hù)市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
opening price 開盤價(jià)
closing price 收盤價(jià)
trading day 交易日
open high/low 高/低開
close high/low 高/低收
fall on its first day of trading 新股"破發(fā)"
transaction fees 交易費(fèi)
Initial Public Offering(IPO) 首次公開募股
stock index futures 股指期貨
2. 硬著陸
hard landing
請(qǐng)看例句:
Premier Li Keqiang remarked Thursday on the Annual Meeting of the New Champions of the World Economic Forum in Dalian that the government's pledge to prevent Chinese economy from a hard landing will not be empty talks.
李克強(qiáng)總理10日在大連舉行的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇新領(lǐng)軍者年會(huì)上表示,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)"硬著陸",這不是空話。
李克強(qiáng)稱,中國(guó)政府將在適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)采取微調(diào)(fine-tuning)措施來(lái)縮小短期波幅(short-term turbulence),防止產(chǎn)生傳導(dǎo)、放大效應(yīng)??偫碇赋?,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本面(fundamentals)沒有改變。不過,總理也承認(rèn),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)從過度依賴投資拉動(dòng)(heavily reliant on investment)到消費(fèi)與投資協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)(fueled by both investment and consumption)的轉(zhuǎn)換,是一個(gè)充滿陣痛、十分艱難的過程,這期間經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)難免有波動(dòng)起伏(shifts and turns)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
soft landing 軟著陸
micro-control 微調(diào)控
macroeconomic regulation and control 宏觀調(diào)控
targeted regulation and control 定向調(diào)控
turning point 拐點(diǎn)
middle-income trap 中等收入陷阱
medium-to-high speed growth 中高速增長(zhǎng)
new normal 新常態(tài)
3. 清明上河圖
Along the River During the Qingming Festival
請(qǐng)看例句:
The best-known scroll painting in Chinese art history - titled Along the River During the Qingming Festival - was completely unrolled for the first time since 2005 in the Palace Museum.
中國(guó)藝術(shù)史上第一畫《清明上河圖》全卷自2005年以來(lái)首次在故宮亮相。
《清明上河圖》出自北宋(Northern Song period)畫家張擇端(1085-1145)之手,寬24.8厘米長(zhǎng)5.29米,描繪了北宋時(shí)期(960-1127)都城汴京的繁榮景象(depicts a flourishing landscape in Bianjing)和當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)各階層人民的生活狀況(the lifestyle of all levels of the society from rich to poor ),被譽(yù)為中國(guó)的蒙娜麗莎。
在五米多長(zhǎng)的畫卷(scroll)里,共繪了814個(gè)各色人物(humans),牛、騾、驢等牲畜73匹,車、轎二十多輛,大小船只二十九艘。房屋、橋梁、城樓等各有特色,體現(xiàn)了宋代建筑的特征。具有很高的歷史價(jià)值(historical value)和藝術(shù)價(jià)值(artistic value)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
calligraphy 書法
painting 繪畫
sculpture 雕塑
exhibition 展覽
grotto 石窟
cultural relics 文化古跡
master 大師
4. 全科教師
versatile teacher
請(qǐng)看例句:
The education authorities in Jiangsu and Henan provinces will launch a pilot project to train versatile teachers for elementary schools.
江蘇和河南的教育廳將試點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)小學(xué)"全科教師"。
"全科教師"未來(lái)在中國(guó)的鄉(xiāng)村小學(xué)可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。以江蘇為例,"全科教師"培養(yǎng)分為大綜合(trained for all subjects)與小綜合(trained for major subjects)兩種。"小綜合"是指小學(xué)教師具備語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)和英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)能力。"大綜合"包括語(yǔ)數(shù)外加"副科","副科"包括音樂、體育、美術(shù)等。
一直以來(lái),河南省農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育都存在教師結(jié)構(gòu)不合理的問題,譬如體育、音樂等學(xué)科教師短缺。受師資所限,河南很多偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的老師不得不身兼數(shù)職(juggle multiple jobs),此次河南省開展試點(diǎn),就是希望培養(yǎng)出一批"全能"老師。"全科教師"還可以避免小學(xué)教育過早學(xué)科化(disciplinization)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
regular teacher 正式在編教師
student teacher 實(shí)習(xí)老師
volunteer teacher 支教老師
assistant instructor 助教
substitute teacher 代課教師
exam marker 閱卷老師
"chalk and talk" teaching "滿堂灌"教學(xué)
whole class teaching 全班教學(xué)
5. 職稱
professional title
請(qǐng)看例句:
The professional title systems for primary and middle school teachers will be unified and they can acquire senior professional title, which is equivalent to professorship at a university, according to a draft reform plan on the professional title systems of China's primary and middle school teachers.
《關(guān)于深化中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革的指導(dǎo)意見》稱,將建立統(tǒng)一的中小學(xué)教師職務(wù)制度,增設(shè)正高級(jí)教師職稱,即教授職稱。
在過去,無(wú)論教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)(teaching experience)如何豐富,師德多么崇高,中小學(xué)教師的最高職稱只能評(píng)到副高級(jí)(deputy senior professional title),而現(xiàn)在,小學(xué)老師也有機(jī)會(huì)評(píng)上"教授級(jí)"職稱了。
根據(jù)人社部、教育部近日印發(fā)的這份指導(dǎo)意見,今后職稱評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將注重師德(teachers' ethics)、實(shí)績(jī)(performance)和實(shí)踐經(jīng)歷(practice),改變過分強(qiáng)調(diào)論文、學(xué)歷傾向(avoid too much emphasis on paper publishing and education background),并對(duì)農(nóng)村和邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)教師(teachers in rural and remote areas)傾斜。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
academic rank 學(xué)銜
associate professor 副教授
teaching staff 教育工作者
vocational qualification 職業(yè)資格
teacher swap system 教師輪崗制度
teacher tenure 教師終身制
6. 倒計(jì)時(shí)晚會(huì)
countdown gala
Alibaba Group is planning a star-studded countdown gala to promote this year's Double 11 shopping festival.
阿里巴巴集團(tuán)將舉辦一場(chǎng)星光熠熠的倒計(jì)時(shí)晚會(huì)為2015年"雙11"購(gòu)物狂歡節(jié)造勢(shì)。
The gala celebration will be attended by well-known celebrities and directed by Chinese film director Feng Xiaogang. It will be held in the evening of Nov 10 and broadcast live to the world. Advertisement bidding on the gala will be held in late September.
晚會(huì)將在11月10日晚舉行,將有多位大牌明星到場(chǎng),由電影導(dǎo)演馮小剛執(zhí)導(dǎo),全球同步直播。9月下旬,阿里將為晚會(huì)舉行商家招標(biāo)會(huì)。
阿里巴巴集團(tuán)CEO張勇說(shuō),第一個(gè)"雙11"只是當(dāng)時(shí)淘寶商城搞的一個(gè)促銷活動(dòng)(promotion),但今天,"雙11"已成為全體消費(fèi)者的狂歡節(jié)(carnival)。據(jù)悉,這場(chǎng)晚會(huì)并不是單純的綜藝節(jié)目(variety show),而是要體現(xiàn)出電商(E-commerce)特色,讓觀眾互動(dòng)起來(lái)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
audience rating 收視率
host 主持人
crosstalk 相聲
sketch comedy 小品
traditional opera 戲曲
7. 前線國(guó)家
frontline countries
請(qǐng)看例句:
As EU leaders stepped up efforts to tackle the historic crisis of refugees, France said it would take 24,000 more asylum-seekers from hard-hit frontline countries while British Prime Minister David Cameron said his country would also do more, taking in 20,000 Syrian refugees from overflowing camps near the war-torn country's borders over the next five years.
面對(duì)歷史性的難民危機(jī),歐盟各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人紛紛加大應(yīng)對(duì)力度。法國(guó)表示它將從涌入大量難民的歐洲前線國(guó)家再接收2.4萬(wàn)難民,而英國(guó)首相卡梅倫表示英國(guó)也將做出更多努力,未來(lái)五年將從敘利亞邊境的難民營(yíng)接收2萬(wàn)名難民。飽受戰(zhàn)亂摧殘的敘利亞邊境的難民營(yíng)已經(jīng)人滿為患。
歐洲正遭遇二戰(zhàn)以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的難民危機(jī)(refugee crisis)。近半年,來(lái)自北非、中東甚至阿富汗的大批難民,紛紛踏上朝向歐洲的不歸路。歐洲東南部的匈牙利、馬其頓等國(guó)面臨著一大波來(lái)自陸上的難民。希臘、意大利等地中海沿岸國(guó)家面臨來(lái)自海上的難民。前線國(guó)家(frontline countries)指的就是匈牙利、馬其頓、希臘、意大利這些難民第一個(gè)抵達(dá)的國(guó)家。
根據(jù)《都柏林公約》(The Dublin Regulation),難民第一步踏進(jìn)哪個(gè)國(guó)家,該國(guó)就必須負(fù)責(zé)接收、處理和審核。但這些前線國(guó)家面臨大批難民已不堪重負(fù),也越來(lái)越不愿意擔(dān)起這個(gè)責(zé)任。而很多難民也把這些前線國(guó)家當(dāng)作中轉(zhuǎn)站,其最終目的地是法國(guó)、德國(guó)等經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家。
目前,德國(guó)主張歐盟應(yīng)盡快建立"難民分?jǐn)?(refugee quota)制度,即根據(jù)各成員國(guó)的人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力以及迄今已接納難民的多寡來(lái)確定每個(gè)國(guó)家接納的難民數(shù)量。于是就有了英法的表態(tài),表示將多接收一些難民。
外媒在報(bào)道難民時(shí),用到了migrant、refugee和asylum seeker三種表達(dá),但它們其實(shí)有差別。根據(jù)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的解釋,migrant指從一個(gè)地方移到另一個(gè)地方的人,以便在別國(guó)居住至少一年(someone who moves from one place to another in order to live in another country for more than a year)。
Refugee指逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或迫害的人,被認(rèn)為需要國(guó)際保護(hù),因?yàn)榛氐郊亦l(xiāng)對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)太危險(xiǎn)(a person who has fled armed conflict or persecution and who is recognized as needing of international protection because it is too dangerous for them to return home).
Asylum seeker是尋求避難的人,各國(guó)有義務(wù)考慮尋求避難人士的要求,不能立即將尋求避難的人遣返回本國(guó)(States are under international obligation to consider claims for asylum and not to immediately return asylum seekers to the countries they have fled from)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
border 邊境
refugee camp 難民營(yíng)
persecution 迫害
flee 逃離
exile 流亡
haven 避難所
8. 在位時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)君主
longest-reigning monarch
請(qǐng)看例句:
Queen Elizabeth II has broken record by becoming the longest-reigning monarch in Britain's history. She passes Queen Victoria, her great-great-grandmother, who was on the throne for 63 years and 7 months. Her 63-year reign has included 12 British prime ministers, seven archbishops of Canterbury and seven popes.
女王伊麗莎白二世打破了曾曾祖母維多利亞女王在位63年7個(gè)月的記錄,成為英國(guó)歷史上在位時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的君主。在女王在位的63年里,先后有12位英國(guó)首相、7位坎特伯雷大主教和7位羅馬天主教教皇當(dāng)任。
雖然荷蘭和西班牙國(guó)王近幾年接連退位(give up their thrones),為年輕一代讓路,但接近女王的人表示,89歲高齡的女王沒有退位(abdication)的想法。這就意味著,66歲的查爾斯王子要等更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能成為國(guó)王,而查爾斯已經(jīng)是英國(guó)等待最久的王位繼承人(longest-serving heir)很久了。
作為女王,伊麗莎白二世有很多常人沒有的特權(quán)(privileges)。比如,女王不用旅行文件(travel documents)和護(hù)照(passport)就能出國(guó)。女王不需要有駕照(driver's license)也不用申請(qǐng)車牌(car plate)。女王每年都有兩個(gè)生日。她真正的出生日期(actual proper legit birthday)是4月21日,而她"官方"的生日則是在六月的某個(gè)周日慶祝。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
royal family 王室
crown 王冠
monarch 君主
majesty 陛下
prince 王子
princess 公主
heir 繼承人
throne 寶座
coronation 加冕
(來(lái)源:中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)手機(jī)報(bào),編輯:丁一)