III. Strive for dynamic and orderly market and society by innovating and strengthening governance
三、創(chuàng)新和加強(qiáng)政府管理，使市場(chǎng)和社會(huì)活而有序

Deepening administrative reform and transforming government functions require not only the removal and delegating of powers, but also improvement and strengthening of governance, with greater government efficiency and stronger government capacity for comprehensively performing duties in accordance with law, so as to ensure both dynamism and order in the market and society, and deliver sustained and healthy economic growth and just and equitable society.
深化行政體制改革、轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，不僅要取消和下放權(quán)力，還要改善和加強(qiáng)政府管理，提高政府效能，增強(qiáng)依法全面履職能力，使市場(chǎng)和社會(huì)既充滿活力又規(guī)范有序，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展和社會(huì)公平正義。

The pressing task now is to strengthen market regulation, and create a level playing field for market entities of various types. Currently, China's market economy is far from well-regulated. A large number of new market players have emerged after the reform of the business system. Should market regulation fall short, market disorder could intensify, and the distorted effect of the "bad money driving out the good" would get amplified, and the development of honest and the new market players would be adversely affected. I was told in my local field trips by many, including business people from Taiwan and foreign countries, that companies alone can not resolve such market irregularities as IPR infringements, cheating, swindling and counterfeiting. If the government gets them under control, companies would be relieved of their "pain in the heart". Therefore, after significantly reducing the number of review and approval items, the government should get to the ongoing and ex-post oversight of the market. This represents a major shift of government management style which is harder and more challenging. Governments at all levels, as well as their employees, should adapt themselves to such a shift and earnestly perform their duties of governance.
加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管，為各類市場(chǎng)主體營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的發(fā)展環(huán)境，是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。目前，我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序還很不規(guī)范。商事制度等改革之后，新的市場(chǎng)主體大批涌現(xiàn)，如果監(jiān)管跟不上，市場(chǎng)秩序混亂現(xiàn)象會(huì)加劇，“劣幣驅(qū)逐良幣”的扭曲效應(yīng)會(huì)放大，嚴(yán)重制約誠(chéng)實(shí)守信經(jīng)營(yíng)者和新的市場(chǎng)主體發(fā)展。我到地方調(diào)研，不少企業(yè)包括臺(tái)商、外商反映，侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)、坑蒙拐騙等行為，企業(yè)自身難以解決，如果政府把這些問(wèn)題管住了，企業(yè)的“心頭之痛”就解除了。因此，在大量減少審批后，政府要更多轉(zhuǎn)為事中事后監(jiān)管，切實(shí)把市場(chǎng)管住、管好。這是政府管理方式的重大轉(zhuǎn)變，難度更大、要求更高。各級(jí)政府及其工作人員要積極適應(yīng)這一轉(zhuǎn)變，切實(shí)履行好管理職責(zé)。

We need to improve the supervision approach to place more emphasis on the rule of law, fairness and accountability. The current practice of market supervision entails inspection of too many kinds without clearly defined rules, adding burdens to enterprises and creating room for rent seeking. On the other hand, market behaviors that should be subject to supervision by the government are left in benign neglect. The right approach to supervision requires both strictness and simplicity. The government should minimize intervention in people's lives and put in place a sound legal framework and proper and effective rules, procedures and standards for market supervision and publicize them fully so that market players will know where the line is drawn and carefully observe it. By so doing, the discretionary power of regulators will be slashed. Equally important, the government must carry out supervision in accordance with the law, maintain and safeguard the market order for fair competition. To use a sports metaphor, the government should be a good "referee" - leaving those well-behaved players alone while giving a timely yellow-card warning for minor fouls or a prompt red card for serious foul play. Needless to say, a referee should perform his duty faithfully and enforce the rules in a fair and just manner instead of being negligent or engaging in match-fixing. Regulators must be subject to supervision as well. Relevant information should be made public and a well-defined accountability system for supervision must be enforced.
要轉(zhuǎn)變監(jiān)管理念，強(qiáng)化法治、公平、責(zé)任意識(shí)?，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)谑袌?chǎng)監(jiān)管上，一方面，各種檢查太多，隨意性太大，企業(yè)疲于應(yīng)付，還有不少尋租行為。另一方面，該監(jiān)管的還沒有管或沒有管住、管好。政府監(jiān)管要“居敬行簡(jiǎn)”，不擾民、不煩民但法度不缺，制定科學(xué)有效的市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管規(guī)則、流程和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，向社會(huì)公示，使市場(chǎng)主體明曉界限、守法經(jīng)營(yíng)，并縮小監(jiān)管者自由裁量權(quán)。同時(shí)，要依法開展監(jiān)管，維護(hù)和保障市場(chǎng)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)秩序，當(dāng)好“裁判員”，不犯規(guī)的不去煩擾，輕微犯規(guī)的及時(shí)亮“黃牌”警告，嚴(yán)重犯規(guī)的馬上“紅牌”罰下場(chǎng)。當(dāng)然，裁判要履職盡責(zé)、公平公正執(zhí)法，不能該吹哨的不吹，更不能吹“黑哨”。監(jiān)管者必須受監(jiān)督，要公開信息，健全并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行監(jiān)管責(zé)任制和責(zé)任追究制。

We need to innovate supervision mechanisms and explore new ways to make supervision more effective. After active experiment over the past two years, local governments have gathered plenty of good experience and practices. Continuous efforts must be made to advance innovation in supervision. First, we need to put in place an integrated system for supervision and law enforcement. We should push ahead the building of a unified supervision platform that covers the entire scope of supervision by all government departments involved. Meanwhile, we need to consolidate administrative law enforcement teams to conduct cross-department and cross-sector law enforcement. The responsibilities of different law enforcement agencies can be merged into one to form synergy in supervision and law enforcement and avoid either overlapping responsibilities or blank spot. The result of supervision and law enforcement should be made public and put on record. After all, the most effective way to deal with unfair supervision and law enforcement is to expose them in the sun light. Second, we will carry out more ad hoc inspections. In some places and sectors, enterprises and regulators involved in inspections are now randomly selected through separate lotteries conducted on the same platform. We will popularize such practices across the country as they both increase pressure on the enterprises and narrow the space for rent seeking. Third, we will advance "smart" supervision. We should actively employ big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things and other information technology to explore an "Internet Plus supervision" model. We should speed up information sharing and connectivity among departments at different levels to remove "isolated islands of information", so to speak. We will put in place a unified social credit system, an information disclosure and credit filing system, and an integrated punishment and black list mechanism so that one dishonest behavior will result in restrictions at every turn. Fourth, we need to strengthen public supervision. We need to have unimpeded channels for public complaints and tip-offs. We should give sufficient incentives to whistle-blowers and keep their identity confidential. Enterprises should bear the primary responsibility in the mutual supervision mechanism that can trace problems to the source. Industry self-regulation and peer review should be strengthened. Media scrutiny should be encouraged. All these efforts will help weave a tight net of supervision where nothing can escape public attention.
要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新監(jiān)管機(jī)制和監(jiān)管方式，提高監(jiān)管效能。這兩年，各地積極探索實(shí)踐，積累了很多行之有效的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和做法。要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)監(jiān)管創(chuàng)新。一是實(shí)行綜合監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法。抓緊建立統(tǒng)一的監(jiān)管平臺(tái)，把部門間關(guān)聯(lián)的監(jiān)管事項(xiàng)都放到平臺(tái)上來(lái)，同時(shí)清理整合各類行政執(zhí)法隊(duì)伍，推進(jìn)跨部門、跨行業(yè)綜合執(zhí)法，讓幾個(gè)“大蓋帽”合成一個(gè)“大蓋帽”，形成監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法合力，避免交叉重復(fù)或留空白死角。監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法的結(jié)果應(yīng)公示，并留底備查，陽(yáng)光是治理監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法不公最有效的手段。二是推廣隨機(jī)抽查監(jiān)管。有些地方和行業(yè)把企業(yè)和監(jiān)管部門人員放在同一平臺(tái)上，通過(guò)兩次搖號(hào)，按一定比例對(duì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行抽檢，隨機(jī)確定檢查人員，企業(yè)有了壓力，也減少了監(jiān)管部門尋租機(jī)會(huì)。要抓緊推廣這一做法。三是推進(jìn)“智能”監(jiān)管。積極運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等信息化手段，探索實(shí)行“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+監(jiān)管”模式。加快部門之間、上下之間信息資源的開放共享、互聯(lián)互通，打破“信息孤島”。推進(jìn)統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)，建立信息披露和誠(chéng)信檔案制度、失信聯(lián)合懲戒機(jī)制和黑名單制度，讓失信者一處違規(guī)、處處受限。四是強(qiáng)化社會(huì)監(jiān)督。暢通投訴舉報(bào)渠道，對(duì)舉報(bào)者要給予有足夠吸引力的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)并嚴(yán)格保密。強(qiáng)化企業(yè)首負(fù)責(zé)任，通過(guò)倒逼形成層層追溯、相互監(jiān)督機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)行業(yè)自律，鼓勵(lì)同行監(jiān)督。充分發(fā)揮媒體輿論監(jiān)督作用。無(wú)數(shù)雙眼睛盯著每一個(gè)角落，就能織就監(jiān)督的“恢恢天網(wǎng)”。