?

(六)以創(chuàng)新支撐和引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。

6. Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgrading

創(chuàng)新是經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整優(yōu)化的原動力。要把創(chuàng)新擺在國家發(fā)展全局的核心位置，促進科技與經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合，推動我國產(chǎn)業(yè)向全球價值鏈高端躍升。

Innovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.

加快科技體制改革。強化企業(yè)在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中的主體地位，鼓勵企業(yè)設(shè)立研發(fā)機構(gòu)，牽頭構(gòu)建產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟。全面落實企業(yè)研發(fā)費用加計扣除等普惠性措施。把國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)股權(quán)激勵、科技成果處置權(quán)收益權(quán)改革等試點政策，擴大到更多科技園區(qū)和科教單位。

We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system. We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses' R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.

加大政府對基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)、社會公益技術(shù)、重大共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的投入，健全公共科技服務(wù)平臺，完善科技重大專項實施機制。改進與加強科研項目和資金管理，實行國家創(chuàng)新調(diào)查和科技報告制度，鼓勵科研人員創(chuàng)辦企業(yè)。加強知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護和運用。深入實施人才發(fā)展規(guī)劃，統(tǒng)籌重大人才工程，鼓勵企業(yè)建立研發(fā)人員報酬與市場業(yè)績掛鉤機制，使人才的貢獻與回報相匹配，讓各類人才脫穎而出、人盡其才、才盡其用。

We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs. We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses. The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers' contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.

產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整要依靠改革，進退并舉。進，要更加積極有為。優(yōu)先發(fā)展生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)，推進服務(wù)業(yè)綜合改革試點和示范建設(shè)，促進文化創(chuàng)意和設(shè)計服務(wù)與相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，加快發(fā)展保險、商務(wù)、科技等服務(wù)業(yè)。促進信息化與工業(yè)化深度融合，推動企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造、提升精準(zhǔn)管理水平，完善設(shè)備加速折舊等政策，增強傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力。設(shè)立新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新平臺，在新一代移動通信、集成電路、大數(shù)據(jù)、先進制造、新能源、新材料等方面趕超先進，引領(lǐng)未來產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。

In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others. We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services. We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business startups and innovation in emerging industries. We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits, big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries.

退，要更加主動有序。堅持通過市場競爭實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勝劣汰，鼓勵企業(yè)兼并重組。對產(chǎn)能嚴(yán)重過剩行業(yè)，強化環(huán)保、能耗、技術(shù)等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，清理各種優(yōu)惠政策，消化一批存量，嚴(yán)控新上增量。今年要淘汰鋼鐵2700萬噸、水泥4200萬噸、平板玻璃3500萬標(biāo)準(zhǔn)箱等落后產(chǎn)能，確?！笆濉碧蕴蝿?wù)提前一年完成，真正做到壓下來，決不再反彈。

We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations. In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.

(七)加強教育、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會建設(shè)。

7. Accelerating the development of education, health, culture and other social programs

繁榮發(fā)展社會事業(yè)是促進社會公正、增進人民福祉的有效途徑。要深化社會體制改革，以更大的投入和更有力的舉措，推動經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness. We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.

促進教育事業(yè)優(yōu)先發(fā)展、公平發(fā)展。繼續(xù)加大教育資源向中西部和農(nóng)村傾斜，促進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展。全面改善貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件。貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生上重點高校人數(shù)要再增長10％以上，使更多農(nóng)家子弟有升學(xué)機會。加強農(nóng)村特別是邊遠貧困地區(qū)教師隊伍建設(shè)，擴大優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源覆蓋面，改善貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村兒童營養(yǎng)狀況。

We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable. We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education. We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas.

發(fā)展學(xué)前教育。實施特殊教育提升計劃。繼續(xù)增加中央財政教育投入，提高使用效率并強化監(jiān)督。深化教育綜合改革，積極穩(wěn)妥改革考試招生制度，擴大省級政府教育統(tǒng)籌權(quán)和高校辦學(xué)自主權(quán)，鼓勵發(fā)展民辦學(xué)校。加快構(gòu)建以就業(yè)為導(dǎo)向的現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系。我們要為下一代提供良好的教育，努力使每一個孩子有公平的發(fā)展機會。

We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education. We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively and prudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.

推動醫(yī)改向縱深發(fā)展。鞏固全民基本醫(yī)保，通過改革整合城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)療保險制度。完善政府、單位和個人合理分擔(dān)的基本醫(yī)療保險籌資機制，城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)保財政補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到人均320元。在全國推行城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險。加強城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助、疾病應(yīng)急救助。縣級公立醫(yī)院綜合改革試點擴大到1000個縣，覆蓋農(nóng)村5億人口。

We will deepen medical reform. We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide. We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will be extended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents. We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals.

擴大城市公立醫(yī)院綜合改革試點。破除以藥補醫(yī)，理順醫(yī)藥價格，創(chuàng)新社會資本辦醫(yī)機制。鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)運行新機制。健全分級診療體系，加強全科醫(yī)生培養(yǎng)，推進醫(yī)師多點執(zhí)業(yè)，讓群眾能夠就近享受優(yōu)質(zhì)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。

We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services.

構(gòu)建和諧醫(yī)患關(guān)系。提高重大傳染病、慢性病和職業(yè)病、地方病防治能力，人均基本公共服務(wù)經(jīng)費補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)增加到35元。扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。堅持計劃生育基本國策不動搖，落實一方是獨生子女的夫婦可生育兩個孩子政策。

We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.

We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows married couples to have two children if one parent is a single child.

為了人民的身心健康和家庭幸福，我們一定要堅定不移推進醫(yī)改，用中國式辦法解決好這個世界性難題。

We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.

文化是民族的血脈。要培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀，加強公民道德和精神文明建設(shè)。繼續(xù)深化文化體制改革，完善文化經(jīng)濟政策，增強文化整體實力和競爭力。促進基本公共文化服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化均等化，發(fā)展文化藝術(shù)、新聞出版、廣播電影電視、檔案等事業(yè)，繁榮發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)，倡導(dǎo)全民閱讀。

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress. We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.

提升文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展水平，培育和規(guī)范文化市場。傳承和弘揚優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化，重視保護文物。加快文化走出去，發(fā)展文化貿(mào)易，加強國際傳播能力建設(shè)，提升國家文化軟實力。發(fā)展全民健身、競技體育和體育產(chǎn)業(yè)。我國是歷史悠久的文明古國，也一定能建成現(xiàn)代文化強國。

We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone, competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.

推進社會治理創(chuàng)新。注重運用法治方式，實行多元主體共同治理。健全村務(wù)公開、居務(wù)公開和民主管理制度，更好發(fā)揮社會組織在公共服務(wù)和社會治理中的作用。加強應(yīng)急管理，提高公共安全和防災(zāi)救災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力，做好地震、氣象、測繪等工作。改革信訪工作制度，及時就近化解社會矛盾。加強行政復(fù)議工作。

We will promote innovation in social governance. We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance. We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened.

深入開展普法教育，加大法律援助。加強社會治安綜合治理，堅決打擊暴力恐怖犯罪活動，維護國家安全，形成良好社會秩序。

We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid. We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.

(八)統(tǒng)籌做好保障和改善民生工作。

8. Making coordinated efforts to ensure and improve people's wellbeing

民惟邦本，本固邦寧。政府工作的根本目的，是讓全體人民過上好日子。要堅持建機制、補短板、兜底線，保障群眾基本生活，不斷提高人民生活水平和質(zhì)量。

The people are the foundation of a nation, and a nation can enjoy peace only when its foundation is strong. The fundamental goal of a government's work is to ensure that everyone lives a good life. We will continue to build institutions, improve weak links, help those in need of subsistence assistance, ensure everyone has access to basic necessities, and improve people's living standards and quality of life.

就業(yè)是民生之本。堅持實施就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略和更加積極的就業(yè)政策，優(yōu)化就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，以創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)創(chuàng)業(yè)，以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)。今年高校畢業(yè)生將達727萬人，要開發(fā)更多就業(yè)崗位，實施不間斷的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)，提高大學(xué)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)比例。加大對城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員幫扶力度，確?！傲憔蜆I(yè)”家庭至少有一人就業(yè)，做好淘汰落后產(chǎn)能職工安置和再就業(yè)工作。統(tǒng)籌農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力、退役軍人等就業(yè)工作。努力實現(xiàn)更加充分、更高質(zhì)量就業(yè)，使勞動者生活更加體面、更有尊嚴(yán)。

Employment is the basis of people's wellbeing. We will steadfastly implement the strategy of giving top priority to employment and carry out a more energetic employment policy, improve the employment and business startup environment, and foster business startups in an innovative way so they create more jobs. With 7.27 million college students graduating this year, we need to create more jobs, provide non-stop employment and business startup services, and increase the rate of employment and business startup for college graduates. We will increase support for urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, ensure that at least one member in every zero-employment family gets a job, and do a good job in resettling and providing reemployment to workers laid off due to the shutdown of outdated production facilities. We will provide coordinated employment services to rural migrant workers and demobilized service personnel. We will work hard to create more rewarding and higher quality jobs so that people who work can live a decent and dignified life.

收入是民生之源。要深化收入分配體制改革，努力縮小收入差距。健全企業(yè)職工工資決定和正常增長機制，推進工資集體協(xié)商，構(gòu)建和諧勞動關(guān)系。加強和改進國有企業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人薪酬管理。改革機關(guān)事業(yè)單位工資制度，在事業(yè)單位逐步推行績效工資，健全醫(yī)務(wù)人員等適應(yīng)行業(yè)特點的薪酬制度，完善艱苦邊遠地區(qū)津貼增長機制。多渠道增加低收入者收入，不斷擴大中等收入者比重。使城鄉(xiāng)居民收入與經(jīng)濟同步增長，廣大人民群眾普遍感受到得實惠。

Income is the source of people's wellbeing. We will deepen reform of the income distribution system and strive to narrow the income gap. We will improve the mechanism for setting and increasing salaries of enterprise employees on a regular basis, encourage collective wage bargaining and make labor relations harmonious. We will strengthen and improve management of executive compensation in SOEs. We will implement salary reform in government bodies and public institutions, progressively implement a performance-based salary system in public institutions, improve the salary system for medical personnel so that it is compatible with their profession, and improve the mechanism for increasing allowances for working in hardship and remote areas. We will increase the income of low-income groups through multiple channels and steadily increase the proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population. We will increase both urban and rural incomes in step with economic development so that everyone benefits.

社保是民生之基。重點是推進社會救助制度改革，繼續(xù)提高城鄉(xiāng)低保水平，全面實施臨時救助制度，為特殊困難群眾基本生活提供保障，為人們創(chuàng)業(yè)奮斗解除后顧之憂。建立統(tǒng)一的城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險制度，完善與職工養(yǎng)老保險的銜接辦法，改革機關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度，鼓勵發(fā)展企業(yè)年金、職業(yè)年金和商業(yè)保險。完善失業(yè)保險和工傷保險制度。落實社會救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價水平掛鉤聯(lián)動機制。發(fā)展老齡事業(yè)，保障婦女權(quán)益，關(guān)心青少年發(fā)展，加強未成年人保護和困境家庭保障，做好殘疾人基本公共服務(wù)和殘疾預(yù)防，支持慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展。讓每一個身處困境者都能得到社會關(guān)愛和溫暖。

Social security is the foundation of people's wellbeing. We will focus on advancing reform of the social assistance system, continue to raise subsistence allowances to rural and urban residents, implement the system of providing temporary assistance nationwide, provide safeguards to enable extremely vulnerable groups to meet their basic living needs, and improve social services so that people can focus on work. We will establish a unified basic old-age insurance system for both rural and non-working urban residents and improve the way it is linked with the old-age insurance system for working people. We will reform the old-age insurance system for government bodies and public institutions, and encourage the development of enterprise annuities, occupational annuities and commercial insurance. We will improve the system of unemployment insurance and insurance against workplace injury. We will implement a mechanism for increasing social assistance and social security benefits when the cost of living rises. We will develop services for the elderly, protect women's rights and interests, care for the wellbeing of young people, better protect minors, meet the basic living needs of families in straits, provide adequate basic public services to the disabled and effectively prevent disabilities, and support the development of charities. We will make sure that everyone in need receives the support of society and feels its warmth.

完善住房保障機制。以全體人民住有所居為目標(biāo)，堅持分類指導(dǎo)、分步實施、分級負(fù)責(zé)，加大保障性安居工程建設(shè)力度，今年新開工700萬套以上，其中各類棚戶區(qū)470萬套以上，加強配套設(shè)施建設(shè)。提高大城市保障房比例。推進公租房和廉租房并軌運行。創(chuàng)新政策性住房投融資機制和工具，采取市場化運作方式，為保障房建設(shè)提供長期穩(wěn)定、成本適當(dāng)?shù)馁Y金支持。各級政府要增加財政投入，提高建設(shè)質(zhì)量，保證公平分配，完善準(zhǔn)入退出機制，年內(nèi)基本建成保障房480萬套，讓翹首以盼的住房困難群眾早日遷入新居。針對不同城市情況分類調(diào)控，增加中小套型商品房和共有產(chǎn)權(quán)住房供應(yīng)，抑制投機投資性需求，促進房地產(chǎn)市場持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

We will improve the mechanism for providing adequate housing. To achieve the goal of ensuring housing for all, we will build more government-subsidized housing in accordance with the principle of giving targeted guidance, carrying out step-by-step implementation, and having governments at different levels assume their respective responsibilities.This year, construction of over seven million government-subsidized housing units will begin, more than 4.7 million of which will be in rundown urban areas, and construction of related supporting infrastructure will be strengthened. We will increase the proportion of government-subsidized housing in large cities. We will integrate the operation of public and low-cost rental housing. We will improve mechanisms and instruments for securing investment and financing for policy-related housing and use market forces to provide long-term, steady funding support to cover the costs of building government-subsidized housing. Governments at all levels should increase spending on building government-subsidized housing, improve its quality, ensure its fair allotment, and improve the mechanism governing its allotment and re-allotment. By the end of this year, 4.8 million units of such housing should be basically completed so that those in urgent need of housing can move in. We will regulate housing differently in different cities in light of local conditions, increase the supply of small and medium-sized commercial and joint-ownership housing units, curb demand for housing for speculation and investment purposes, and promote sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.

人命關(guān)天，安全生產(chǎn)這根弦任何時候都要繃緊。要嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行安全生產(chǎn)法律法規(guī)，全面落實安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任制，堅決遏制重特大安全事故發(fā)生。大力整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序，繼續(xù)開展專項整治，嚴(yán)厲打擊制售假冒偽劣行為。建立從生產(chǎn)加工到流通消費的全過程監(jiān)管機制、社會共治制度和可追溯體系，健全從中央到地方直至基層的食品藥品安全監(jiān)管體制。嚴(yán)守法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，用最嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管、最嚴(yán)厲的處罰、最嚴(yán)肅的問責(zé)，堅決治理餐桌上的污染，切實保障“舌尖上的安全”。

There is nothing more important than human life, so we must always give our full attention to workplace safety. We must strictly enforce laws and regulations on workplace safety, fully implement the responsibility system for it, and resolutely prevent the occurrence of major and very serious work-related accidents. We will energetically improve and maintain market order, continue to carry out targeted clean-up campaigns, and crack down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or shoddy goods. We will institute a monitoring mechanism with full public participation which oversees the whole process from production and processing to distribution and consumption and can trace problems to the source. We will improve safety monitoring systems for food and drugs with the involvement of both central and local governments and participation of community bodies. We will strictly follow laws and regulations and comply with standards, and apply the strictest possible oversight, punishment and accountability to prevent and control food contamination and ensure that every bite of food we eat is safe.